Multi-dimensional scaling plot of pair differences based on mitochondrial DNA haplogroup frequencies in Eurasian populations. The following abbreviations were used to assign populations: AK – Altaian Kazakhs (6), KZ1 – Kazakhs (1), KZ2 – Kazakhs (7), KR – Kirghiz (1), MN – Mongolians (6), UI – Uighurs (7), AL – Altaians (8), KH – Khakassians (8), BU – Buryats (8), SO – Sojots (8), TD – Todjins (8), TU – Tuvinians (8), TO – Tofalars (8), MA – Mansi (9), KE – Ket (10), NG – Nganasan (9), TB – Tubalar (11), EV – Evenki (11), NE – Negedal (11), UL – Ulchi (11), NI – Nivkhi (11), UD – Udegey (11), IT – Itelmen (12), KO – Koriak (12), CH – Chukchi (13), AN – Turks (14), GI – Gilaki (14), KI – Kurdish (14), LU – Lur (14), UZ – Uzbek (14), TK – Turkmen (14), SH – Shugnan (14), TG – Kazakhs (this study).