Immunoblots of TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 in healthy individuals and lung cancer patients. (A) Total proteins were extracted from lung tissues, separated on SDS-PAGE gels, and subjected to immunoblot analyses. The primary antibodies against TFF1, TFF2, TFF3 and actin were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (USA). Secondary antibodies were donkey anti-goat IgG-HRP (cat# sc-2020, 1:5,000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP (cat# sc-2005, 1:10,000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Bound antibodies were detected using the ECL system (Pierce Biotechnology). The size of the TFF proteins was approximately 7–10 kDa. Histograms show mean normalized optical density (OD) of TFF protein bands relative to the OD of the actin band from the same individual. Error bars show the standard error of the mean (SEM) (P<0.05). (B) Representative blots from a healthy individual and three lung cancer patients are shown.