Figure 5.

In vitro characterization of the in vivo selected cell line. Parental and high metastatic cell lines were characterized by quantitative ELISA of (A) TGF-β, (B) VEGF, (C) bFGF and (D) IL-6 in vitro (these growth factors and cytokines have been suggested to be important in RCC bone metastasis). Subpopulation ACHN-BO₄ showed higher secretion of the pro-angiogenic factors VEGF and bFGF, of the osteolytic factor IL-6 compared to the parental cell line. Mean ± SD values shown (^*P<0.05; ^**P<0.01; ns, not significant).