Table 2. Numbers of species with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) detections by amphibian family, and results of randomisation tests (see Materials and Methods section) to determine whether each sampled amphibian family was over- or under-infected, compared to what we would expect by chance given an overall prevalence of 508/1055 species.
Family | Species | Prev. | p-value | Prev. pattern | ||
Bd Detected | Bd Not Detected | Total Sampled | ||||
Anura | ||||||
Heleophrynidae | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0.9652 | NA |
Pelobatidae | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0.9278 | NA |
Calyptocephalellidae | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.8494 | NA |
Ceratophryidae | 11 | 1 | 12 | 0.92 | 0.9988* | Over |
Hylodidae | 8 | 1 | 9 | 0.89 | 0.9936* | Over |
Hemiphractidae | 7 | 2 | 9 | 0.78 | 0.9641 | NSD |
Leiuperidae | 6 | 2 | 8 | 0.75 | 0.9386 | NSD |
Aromobatidae | 6 | 2 | 8 | 0.75 | 0.9386 | NSD |
Alytidae | 5 | 2 | 7 | 0.71 | 0.8928 | NSD |
Pyxicephalidae | 11 | 5 | 16 | 0.69 | 0.9510 | NSD |
Craugastoridae | 17 | 8 | 25 | 0.68 | 0.9782* | Over |
Dendrobatidae | 14 | 7 | 21 | 0.67 | 0.9542 | NSD |
Limnodynastidae | 12 | 6 | 18 | 0.67 | 0.9442 | NSD |
Cycloramphidae | 4 | 2 | 6 | 0.67 | 0.8137 | NSD |
Pipidae | 10 | 6 | 16 | 0.63 | 0.8761 | NSD |
Hylidae | 89 | 59 | 148 | 0.6 | 0.9992* | Over |
Myobatrachidae | 20 | 14 | 34 | 0.59 | 0.8980 | NSD |
Ranidae | 55 | 43 | 98 | 0.56 | 0.9513 | NSD |
Eleutherodactylidae | 15 | 12 | 27 | 0.56 | 0.7858 | NSD |
Centrolenidae | 9 | 7 | 16 | 0.56 | 0.7361 | NSD |
Hyperoliidae | 27 | 27 | 54 | 0.50 | 0.6162 | NSD |
Bombinatoridae | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0.50 | 0.5309 | NSD |
Strabomantidae | 30 | 33 | 63 | 0.48 | 0.4610 | NSD |
Leptodactylidae | 8 | 10 | 18 | 0.44 | 0.3776 | NSD |
Leiopelmatidae | 2 | 3 | 6 | 0.40 | 0.3572 | NSD |
Bufonidae | 43 | 68 | 111 | 0.39 | 0.0178* | Under |
Ptychadenidae | 5 | 8 | 13 | 0.38 | 0.2439 | NSD |
Phrynobatrachidae | 5 | 8 | 13 | 0.38 | 0.2418 | NSD |
Dicroglossidae | 6 | 15 | 21 | 0.29 | 0.0333 | NSD |
Rhacophoridae | 5 | 14 | 19 | 0.26 | 0.0286 | NSD |
Petropedetidae | 1 | 5 | 6 | 0.17 | 0.0643 | NSD |
Scaphiopodidae | 1 | 5 | 6 | 0.17 | 0.0608 | NSD |
Microhylidae | 4 | 21 | 25 | 0.16 | 0.0006* | Under |
Megophryidae | 1 | 6 | 7 | 0.14 | 0.0344 | NSD |
Arthroleptidae | 4 | 26 | 30 | 0.13 | 6.19E-05* | Under |
Mantellidae | 0 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 1.05E-11* | Under |
Ceratobatrachidae | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0.04688 | NA |
Brevicipitidae | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0.0456 | NA |
Pelodytidae | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.1676 | NA |
Hemisotidae | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.1652 | NA |
Total Anura | 449 | 486 | 935 | |||
Caudata | ||||||
Cryptobranchidae | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0.9646 | NA |
Salamandridae | 14 | 4 | 18 | 0.78 | 0.9947* | Over |
Ambystomatidae | 13 | 5 | 18 | 0.72 | 0.9809* | Over |
Proteidae | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.50 | 0.5264 | NA |
Sirenidae | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.50 | 0.5191 | NA |
Plethodontidae | 27 | 34 | 61 | 0.44 | 0.2647 | NSD |
Hynobiidae | 0 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0.0018* | Under |
Amphiumidae | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.1683 | NA |
Total Caudata | 59 | 55 | 114 | |||
Gymnophiona | ||||||
Caeciliidae | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0.0165* | Under |
Ichthyophiidae | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.1624 | NA |
Prev. = Prevalence: Bd detected/Total sampled. * denotes a significant deviation from the expected level of infection in that family. ‘NSD’ = not significant. ‘NA’ denotes that insufficient species had been sampled in that family to detect a significant deviation from a random level of infection. Power-analyses using binomial tests indicated that with six species sampled in a Family, there was sufficient power to detect a deviation in either direction. ‘Bd not detected’ data have limitations, as indicated in Supplemental Information. Notes on taxonomic names used are provided in Supplemental Information. Detections in table updated as of January 2011.