Figure 1. Secondary structure of and nucleotide substitution pattern in tRNAs.

The nucleotide substitution pattern for each tRNA was modelled using as reference the consensus structure obtained from the structures of orthologous sequences. The substitution patterns for the very variable DHU and TΨC loops of some tRNAs are provided as portions of the corresponding complete multiple alignment immediately below the tRNA picture. Left bottom. The inset shows the positions of the sequenced tRNAs and their placement in the α (pale/dark green) or β strand (orange/red) of the typical lepidopteran complete mitochondrial genome.