Table 1.

A short overview of recent gel-based and gel-free proteomics methods as biotechnological tools that could provide knowledge for crop improvement programs.

Major crops	Technique used	Trait studied	Plant part	Reference
Wheat	2-DE	Desiccation	Embryo	Irar et al. (2010)
	iTRAQ and 2D-DIGE	Drought	Leaves	Ford et al. (2011)
	2D-DIGE	Salinity	Leaves	Gao et al. (2011)
	2-DE	Senescence and oxidative stress	Stem	Bazargani et al. (2011)
	2-DE	Flooding stress	Root	Kong et al. (2010)
	2-DE	Metabolism post anthesis	Endosperm amyloplast	Dupont (2008)
	2-DE	Fusarium head blight	Kernels	Foroud et al. (2008)
	2-DE	Heat	Kernels	Laino et al. (2010)
Maize	2-DE	Unintended effects of GM	GM vs. non-GM leaves	Barros et al. (2010)
	nanoLC-LTQ-Orbitrap	C4 leaf development	Leaves	Majeran et al. (2010)
	2-DE	Desiccation	Embryo	Huang et al. (2012)
	Shotgun proteomics	Photosynthesis	Chloroplast thylakoid membrane	Liu et al. (2011)
	Shotgun proteomics	Desiccation	Embryo	Amara et al. (2012)
	2-DE	Drought	Xylem sap in root and stem	Alvarez et al. (2008)
	iTRAQ	Ear rot infection	Ears	Mohammadi et al. (2011)
	LC-MS	Greening of etiolated leaves	Leaves	Shen et al. (2009)
Soybean	2-DE	Tolerance to Phytophthora	Hypocotyls	Zhang et al. (2011b)
	2-DE and blue native PAGE	Flooding stress	Roots and hypocotyl	Komatsu et al. (2011)
	2-DE	Oxidative stress	Leaves	Galant et al. (2012)
	2-DE	Heat stress	Leaves	Wang et al. (2012)
	2-DE	Flooding stress	Roots, Hypocotyl, and leaves	Khatoon et al. (2012)
	2-DE	Osmotic stress	Roots	Toorchi et al. (2009)
	iTRAQ	Enhancing water and nutrient uptake after inoculation with Bradyrhizobium	Root	Nguyen et al. (2012)
Rice	2-DE	Response to selenium	Leaves	Gong et al. (2012)
	2-DE	Embryogenesis	Embryo	Zi et al. (2012)
	Shotgun proteomics	Grains development	Grains	Lee and Koh (2011)
	2-DE	Heat stress	Spikelet	Jagadish et al. (2010)
	2-DE	Drought stress	Rice peduncles	Muthurajan et al. (2011)
	iTRAQ	Cold stress	Leaves	Neilson et al. (2011)
	2-DE	Bacterial blight defense signaling	Leaves	Mahmood et al. (2009)