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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 28.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Funct Mater. 2011 Mar 1;21(6):1018–1026. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201001419

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Label-free detection of pathogens with antibody-modified peptide nanotubes; a) bacteria agglutinated by the interaction with antibodies on peptide nanotubes sediment fast, and the increased number of the insulating cells on the transducer via the sedimentation increases the impedance at 316 kHz; b) control nanotubes modified with rabbit IgG that do not interact specifically with E. coli do not sediment these cells fast enough to generate the impedance signal; c) Multiplexed detection of pathogens with the peptide nanotube biochip; variations of the real part of the impedance (Z′) of samples containing E. coli and S. typhi in various concentrations was converted into a color chart. (reproduced with permission from ref. 22, copyright Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)