In the absence of adjuvant chemotherapy, the patients with tumors displaying high-frequency microsatellite instability had significantly longer overall survival than patients with tumors exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency microsatellite instability (hazard ratio for death, 0.31 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.72]; P=0.004)(Panel A). When the analysis was limited to the group receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, patients with tumors exhibiting high-frequency microsatellite instability did not have a significant increase in overall survival as compared with patients with tumors exhibiting microsatellite stability or low-frequency microsatellite instability (hazard ratio for death, 1.07 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.62 to 1.86]; P=0.80)(Panel B). The analysis included data for eight years from the date of randomization.