Table 3.
Associations Between Alcohol Intake Level and Incident Colorectal Cancer, by Molecularly-Defined Subtypes
| Microsatellite Instability (MSI) | CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP) | BRAF mutation | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSI-L/MSS | MSI-H | CIMP-negative | CIMP-positive | BRAF-wildtype | BRAF-mutated | ||||||||
| Alcohol Intake Levela | Person-Years | Events | RR (95% CI)b | Events | RR (95% CI)b | Events | RR (95% CI)b | Events | RR (95% CI)b | Events | RR (95% CI)b | Events | RR (95% CI)b |
| Non-Consumers | 319014 | 228 | 1.00 (ref.) | 86 | 1.00 (ref.) | 201 | 1.00 (ref.) | 104 | 1.00 (ref.) | 213 | 1.00 (ref.) | 97 | 1.00 (ref.) |
| Consumers | |||||||||||||
| Median Splitc, g/d | |||||||||||||
| ≤3.4 | 125073 | 89 | 1.09 (0.84–1.40) | 26 | 0.81 (0.52–1.26) | 90 | 1.21 (0.94–1.57) | 27 | 0.74 (0.48–1.14) | 91 | 1.17 (0.90–1.50) | 24 | 0.69 (0.44–1.09) |
| >3.4 | 120602 | 83 | 1.11 (0.85–1.46) | 36 | 1.08 (0.70–1.65) | 77 | 1.12 (0.84–1.50) | 36 | 0.98 (0.65–1.49) | 87 | 1.19 (0.91–1.57) | 33 | 0.95 (0.61–1.46) |
| p trend | 0.39 | 0.93 | 0.28 | 0.67 | 0.15 | 0.52 | |||||||
| Threshold Valued, g/d | |||||||||||||
| ≤30 | 228085 | 159 | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) | 58 | 0.94 (0.66–1.34) | 154 | 1.18 (0.94–1.47) | 60 | 0.87 (0.62–1.22) | 166 | 1.20 (0.97–1.48) | 53 | 0.81 (0.57–1.16) |
| >30 | 17590 | 13 | 0.93 (0.49–1.76) | 4 | 0.75 (0.26–2.16) | 13 | 1.06 (0.56–2.01) | 3 | 0.53 (0.16–1.74) | 12 | 0.87 (0.45–1.70) | 4 | 0.73 (0.25–2.08) |
| p trend | 0.51 | 0.61 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.23 | |||||||
| Quartiles, g/d | |||||||||||||
| Q1 (x≤1.8) | 77855 | 64 | 1.26 (0.95–1.67) | 16 | 0.79 (0.46–1.36) | 66 | 1.44 (1.08–1.91) | 17 | 0.74 (0.44–1.24) | 66 | 1.37 (1.03–1.82) | 16 | 0.74 (0.43–1.25) |
| Q2 (1.8<x≤3.4) | 47218 | 25 | 0.79 (0.51–1.22) | 10 | 0.83 (0.43–1.61) | 24 | 0.83 (0.53–1.29) | 10 | 0.74 (0.38–1.42) | 25 | 0.82 (0.53–1.27) | 8 | 0.62 (0.30–1.28) |
| Q3 (3.4<x≤11) | 62605 | 44 | 1.21 (0.87–1.68) | 18 | 1.06 (0.62–1.82) | 38 | 1.12 (0.78–1.61) | 21 | 1.12 (0.68–1.83) | 45 | 1.25 (0.90–1.75) | 18 | 1.01 (0.60–1.72) |
| Q4 (11<x) | 57997 | 39 | 1.00 (0.69–1.46) | 18 | 1.09 (0.63–1.90) | 39 | 1.12 (0.76–1.63) | 15 | 0.83 (0.47–1.49) | 42 | 1.12 (0.78–1.62) | 15 | 0.87 (0.48–1.56) |
| p trend | 0.75 | 0.81 | 0.60 | 0.68 | 0.39 | 0.56 | |||||||
a
as reported during the IWHS baseline evaluation (1986);
b
adjusted for age, BMI, WHR, smoking status, exogenous estrogen use, physical activity level, and daily intakes of total energy, total fat, sucrose, red meat, calcium, folate, methionine and vitamin E (mg/d);
c
median split among IWHS subjects who reported any alcohol consumption;
d
according to WHO/AICR report.(5)