. 2013 Mar 20;4(3):281–295. doi: 10.7150/jca.5836

Table 3.

Studies on the association between miR dysregulation and staging or prognosis

Author	Year	miR	N	Endpoint
Schetter¹²⁴	2009	miR-21	115	High miR-21 expression was associated with higher rates of cancer-specific mortality (P <0.0001)
Horiuchi¹³⁶	2011	miR-21	326	PDCD4 mRNA levels were negatively regulated by miR-21 in each tumor stage of CRC. OS and DFS rates of low PDCD4 patients were significantly worse than those of patients with high expression.
Schetter⁶⁷	2008	miR-21	197	5-year cancer-specific survival rate: 57.5% - Maryland cohort and 49.5% - Hong Kong cohort High miR-21 expression associated with advanced TNM staging, poor survival, and poor therapeutic outcome.
Feng¹²⁶	2011	miR-21	54	Highly expressed miR-21 was more common in stage IV cancer than in stage II and stage III cancer
Liu¹³⁵	2011	miR-21	42	High expression of miR-21 was significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage and poor cell differentiation. miR-21 may predict pathological tumor response to chemotherapy.
Shibuya¹²⁸	2010	miR-21, miR-155	156	High miR-21 expression was significantly associated with venous invasion, liver metastasis and tumor stage. High miR-155 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastases. The OS and DFS rates of patients with high miR-21, and high miR-155 expression were significantly worse than those of patients with low expression. miR-21 and miR-155 expression levels in CRC tissue were independent prognostic factors for OS and DFS.
Nielsen¹²⁵	2011	miR-21	130 - stage II colon cancer 67 - stage II rectal cancer	Higher miR-21 expression correlated significantly with shorter DFS (p = 0.004) in the stage II colon cancer patient group, but not in the stage II rectal cancer group.
Vickers¹³⁴	2012	miR-335, miR-206, miR- 135a, miR 21, miR let7a	34	Increased expression of miR-21, mir-135a and miR-335 was associated with clinical progression of CRC. miR-206 demonstrated an opposite trend. miR-let7a, showed elevated expression in metastatic disease compared to normal mucosa or non-metastatic disease, and only in KRAS mutation positive tumors. Prognostic signature of miR 21,135a, 335, 206 and let-7a for detecting the presence of metastases had a specificity of 87% and sensitivity of 76% for the presence of metastases.
Xi⁹³	2006	hsa-miR-200c	24	Shorter median survival- (26 vs. 38 months) for patients with hsa-miR-200c over expression.
Diaz¹²²	2008	miR-17-5p miR-106a	110	Lower levels of miR-17-5p and miR-106a were associated with pathological tumor features of poor prognosis. Downregulation of miR-106a predicted shortened DFS (P = 0.03) and OS (P = 0.04), independent of tumor stage.
Schepeler⁸⁸	2008	miR-320 miR-498	37	Stage II colon tumors with high expression of miR-320 or miR-498 showed a significant difference in progression-free survival compared with tumors with low expression.
Wang⁸²	2009	miR-31	98	Higher miR-31 expression was positively related to advanced TNM stage (p = 0.026) and deeper invasion of tumors (p = 0.024).
Pu¹¹²	2010	miR-221	103	Patients with higher plasma miR-221 levels have a dramatically lower survival rate than that in the low expression group (P < 0.05)
Chiang⁷¹	2011	miR-203	107	Significant low expression of miR-203 associated with increased tumor size (p=0.015) and an advanced pT stage (p=0.005)
Wang⁹⁴	2012	miR-195	85	Reduced expression of miR-195 occurred more often in patients with lymph node metastasis and advanced tumor stage (all P < 0.01). Patients with reduced miR-195 had a poor OS (P < 0.01). Reduced expression of miR-195 was an independent predictor of OS.
Nishida¹²⁷	2011	miR-125b	89	The high miR-125b expression group showed a greater incidence of advanced tumor size and tumor invasion, as well as a significantly poorer prognosis compared to the low miR-125b expression group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that high miR-125b expression was an independent prognostic factor for survival.
Cheng¹¹⁴	2011	miR-141	102- First cohort 156- Second cohort	Circulating plasma miR-141 was significantly associated with stage IV colon cancer. High levels of plasma miR-141 predicted poor survival.
Zhu¹³⁰	2012	miR-9	25	Significant up regulation of miR-9 expression was observed in patients with distant metastasis (P < 0.001).
Akçakaya¹³²	2011	miR-185, miR-133b	50	High expression of miR-185 and low expression of miR-133b were correlated with poor survival (p=0.001 and 0.028, respectively) and metastasis (p=0.007 and 0.036, respectively).
Tang¹⁰⁹	2011	miR-345	31	Low expression of mir-345 was associated with lymph node metastasis and worse histological type.
Chang⁷⁴	2011	miR-31, miR-139-5p, miR-143, miR-10b	102	Elevated expression of miR-31, miR10b (p=0.004) and miR-139-5p (p<0.001) and reduced expression of miR-143 (p=0.016) were associated with aggressive mucinous phenotype. Progressively increasing levels of miR-10b expression were observed from T1 to T4 lesions and from stage I to IV disease.
Karaayvaz¹³³	2011	miR-215	34	High levels of miR-215 expression (P=.025) are closely associated with poor patient's OS.
Ma¹⁰³	2012	miR-150	239	Patients with low miR-150 expression had shorter survival and a worse response to adjuvant chemotherapy than patients with high expression.
Nie¹⁰⁵	2011	miR-365	97	Decreased levels of miR-365 were related to colon cancer progression. Low miR-365 levels significantly correlated with reduced DFS.
Nishida¹³¹	2012	miR-10b	88	miR-10b over expression was associated with high incidence of lymphatic invasion (P = 0.0257) and poor prognosis (P = 0.0057). High miR-10b expression is an independent prognostic factor for survival. Over expression of miR-10b confers chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU.
Wiessmann-Brenner¹³⁷	2012	miR-29a	110	High expression of miR-29a was associated with a longer DFS in stage II CRC patients.
Yamashita¹³⁸	2012	miR-372	144	High miR-372 expression was an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.006). High miR-372 expression was associated with synchronous liver metastasis (p = 0.035).
Pichler¹³⁹	2012	miR-143	77	Low levels of miR-143 were an independent prognostic factor with respect to cancer specific survival (p=0.024). miR-143 expression levels serve as an independent prognostic biomarker for CRC in KRAS wild-type patients.
Ryan ¹⁴⁰	2012	miR-608	245	A specific genotype (GG) was associated with increased survival in African Americans and decreased survival in Caucasians.
Lin¹⁴¹	2012	miR-608, mir219-1	1097	mir608:rs4919510 was associated with increased risk for both recurrence and death in patients with stage III disease. mir219-1:rs213210 showed consistent association with death. Patients carrying the variant genotypes at both sites exhibited a 5.6-fold increased risk of death.
Zhuo¹⁴²	2012	miR-92a	82	High expression of miR-92a correlated with advanced clinical stage (p = 0.025), lymph node metastases (p = 0.015), distant metastases (p = 0.046), and poor OS (p = 0.001). Increased expression of miR-92a was an independent predictor of OS.
Wang¹⁴⁴	2012	miR-124	96	Decreased miR-124 expression correlated significantly with the grade of differentiation (P = 0.021). Downregulated miR-124 was significantly correlated with worse prognosis, both in terms of OS (P = 0.017) and DFS (P = 0.014). Downregulated miR-124 was demonstrated as an independent prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.002) and DFS (P = 0.002).
Iwaya¹²⁹	2012	miR-144	137	Low expression levels of miR-144 were associated with enhanced malignant potential such as venous invasion (P = 0.0013), liver metastasis (P = 0.08), liver recurrence (P = 0.0058) and poor prognosis (P = 0.0041). Low miR-144 expression was an independent prognostic factor for survival.
Nishimura¹⁴³	2012	miR-181a	162	Patients with high expression of miR-181a had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with low expression (P=0.011). High miR-181a expression was an independent significant prognostic factor for CRC. However, no correlation was observed between miR-181a expression and clinicopathological parameters.