Table 2.
Comparisons of the habitual intake, the scheduled diets, the final intake and the adherence
| Variable |
Control group (n = 48) |
RESMENA group (n = 48) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Habitual intake (day 0) | Scheduled diet | Final intake (day 60) | Habitual intake (day 0) | pa | Scheduled diet | pb | Final intake (day 60) | pc | |
| Energy (kcal/day) |
2103 ± 451 |
1412 ± 177 |
1352 ± 284 |
2277 ± 566 |
0.099 |
1395 ± 188 |
0.649 |
1337 ± 289 |
0.808 |
| CHO (g/day) |
186.74 ± 58.90 (35.52%) |
178.58 ± 20.15 (50.59%) |
132.37 ± 35.33$$$ (39.16%) |
201.66 ± 65.30 (35.43%) |
0.243 |
128.65 ± 15.97 (36.89%) |
<0.001 |
114.55 ± 31.10$$ (34.26%) |
0.013 |
| Protein (g/day) |
93.58 ± 21.63 (17.80%) |
57.01 ± 5.78 (16.14%) |
60.83 ± 17.16 (18.00%) |
95.01 ± 20.06 (16.69%) |
0.738 |
99.54 ± 13.43 (28.54%) |
<0.001 |
78.20 ± 17.46$$$ (23.39%) |
<0.001 |
| PQ |
0.30 ± 0.05 |
0.31 ± 0.01 |
0.30 ± 0.05$ |
0.30 ± 0.05 |
0.594 |
0.34 ± 0.01 |
<0.001 |
0.28 ± 0.05$$$ |
0.070 |
| Protein/CHO |
0.54 ± 0.18 |
0.32 ± 0.01 |
0.48 ± 0.18$$$ |
0.50 ± 0.13 |
0.224 |
0.77 ± 0.01 |
<0.001 |
0.70 ± 0.15$$ |
<0.001 |
| Total fats (g/day) |
97.29 ± 27.00 (41.64%) |
46.02 ± 8.69 (29.33%) |
59.09 ± 15.51$$$ (39.33%) |
110.26 ± 31.84 (43.58%) |
0.034 |
46.98 ± 7.07 (30.31%) |
0.554 |
56.58 ± 17.28$$$ (38.08%) |
0.497 |
| SFA (g/day) |
28.89 ± 10.13 (12.36%) |
14.02 ± 2.44 (8.94%) |
14.48 ± 5.47 (9.64%) |
34.85 ± 13.64 (13.76%) |
0.017 |
12.70 ± 1.86 (8.19%) |
0.004 |
16.08 ± 5.80$$$(10.82%) |
0.181 |
| MUFA (g/day) |
47.35 ± 12.76 (20.26%) |
20.59 ± 4.51 (13.12%) |
32.25 ± 9.18$$$ (21.47%) |
51.90 ± 15.42 (20.52%) |
0.118 |
18.96 ± 3.11 (12.23%) |
0.042 |
24.65 ± 7.80$$$ (16.59%) |
<0.001 |
| PUFA (g/day) |
12.58 ± 3.80 (5.38%) |
7.54 ± 1.20 (4.81%) |
7.65 ± 2.87 (5.09%) |
13.92 ± 3.79 (5.50%) |
0.088 |
10.77 ± 1.31 (6.95%) |
<0.001 |
10.91 ± 5.56 (7.34%) |
0.001 |
| n3-FA |
0.46 ± 0.54 |
0.20 ± 0.05 |
0.20 ± 0.44 |
0.28 ± 0.43 |
0.079 |
0.83 ± 0.30 |
<0.001 |
0.37 ± 0.49$$$ |
0.096 |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) |
363.43 ± 142.46 |
157.94 ± 18.44 |
206.68 ± 140.82$$$ |
424.43 ± 162.31 |
0.053 |
275.75 ± 46.51 |
<0.001 |
241.21 ± 105.00 |
0.196 |
| Fiber (g/day) |
20.07 ± 8.77 |
27.57 ± 1.33 |
18.75 ± 8.50$$$ |
21.66 ± 9.69 |
0.400 |
22.84 ± 3.48 |
<0.001 |
20.61 ± 9.01 |
0.316 |
| Glycemic Index (U) |
579.55 ± 179.16 |
487.29 ± 12.21 |
367.48 ± 131.06$$$ |
685.13 ± 226.21 |
0.013 |
332.01 ± 38.04 |
<0.001 |
326.70 ± 121.11 |
0.131 |
| Glycemic Load (U) |
105.21 ± 43.52 |
63.77 ± 5.47 |
70.24 ± 35.70 |
117.32 ± 43.92 |
0.178 |
43.37 ± 5.04 |
<0.001 |
52.03 ± 26.40$ |
0.008 |
| TAC (mmol/day) |
7.36 ± 3.66 |
10.85 ± 0.36 |
8.88 ± 2.72$$$ |
8.22 ± 4.41 |
0.302 |
17.09 ± 0.62 |
<0.001 |
13.90 ± 5.05$$$ |
<0.001 |
| HEI (points) |
60.28 ± 11.92 |
86.21 ± 0.99 |
70.90 ± 12.75$$$ |
56.05 ± 11.11 |
0.075 |
91.39 ± 1.80 |
<0.001 |
74.41 ± 10.07$$$ |
0.836 |
| Meal Frequency (meals/day) | 4.65 ± 0.59 | 3-5 | 4.59 ± 0.67 | 5.30 ± 1.25 | 0.001 | 7 | N.A | 6.51 ± 1.06 | <0.001 |
CHO, Carbohydrates; PQ, Protein Quality; SFA, Saturated Fatty Acids; MUFA, Mono Unsaturated Fatty Acids; PUFA, Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids; n-3 FA, n-3 Fatty Acids; TAC, Total Antioxidant Capacity; HEI, Healthy Eating Index; NA, Not Applicable.
p < 0.05 was set-up as statistically significant. pa Differences between Control and RESMENA groups intake before starting the intervention. pb Differences between Control and RESMENA scheduled diets. pc Differences between Control and RESMENA groups intake at the end of the intervention. $ Differences between the scheduled diets and the real intake at final day in both Control and Resmena groups. $p < 0.05; $$p < 0.01; $$$p < 0.001.