Table 3.
Multivariable linear regression analysis between willingness-to-pay among drug shop customers for malaria diagnosis and treatment and selected factors, Mukono District, 2009
| RDT | Course of ACT | Course of ACT after positive RDT | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GMRa [95% CI] | GMRa [95% CI] | GMRa [95% CI] | |
| Age group (years) | |||
| 15–24 | 1.00** | 1.00* | 1.00** |
| 25–29 | 0.79 [0.65; 0.96] | 0.87 [0.70; 1.08] | 0.88 [0.71; 1.10] |
| 30–34 | 0.88 [0.72; 1.07] | 0.86 [0.68; 1.08] | 0.95 [0.75; 1.19] |
| 35–39 | 0.74 [0.60; 0.90] | 0.85 [0.68; 1.06] | 0.72 [0.58; 0.90] |
| 40–49 | 0.79 [0.65; 0.96] | 0.75 [0.59; 0.95] | 0.75 [0.60; 0.94] |
| 50+ | 0.76 [0.62; 0.92] | 0.73 [0.59; 0.92] | 0.68 [0.55; 0.84] |
| Level of education | |||
| Primary | 1.00* | ||
| O level | 1.07 [0.91; 1.27] | ||
| A level and above | 1.01 [0.80; 1.29] | ||
| None | 1.38 [1.08; 1.77] | ||
| Occupationb | |||
| Farmer | 1.00** | 1.00** | |
| Labourer, craftsman | 1.28 [1.06; 1.54] | 1.33 [1.07; 1.65] | |
| Sales | 0.94 [0.79; 1.10] | 1.02 [0.84; 1.23] | |
| Services | 0.97 [0.81; 1.16] | 1.09 [0.89; 1.35] | |
| Unemployed, other | 1.09 [0.81; 1.47] | 1.62 [1.13; 2.33] | |
| Socio-economic status | |||
| Lowest | 1.00** | 1.00** | 1.00** |
| Lower middle | 1.04 [0.86; 1.24] | 1.10 [0.89; 1.37] | 1.08 [0.88; 1.34] |
| Middle | 1.11 [0.91; 1.34] | 1.12 [0.89; 1.40] | 1.11 [0.89; 1.38] |
| Upper middle | 1.20 [0.99; 1.45] | 1.33 [1.06; 1.67] | 1.29 [1.03; 1.63] |
| Highest | 1.38 [1.14; 1.68] | 1.53 [1.21; 1.93] | 1.53 [1.20; 1.96] |
| Malaria in household in the past 2 weeks | |||
| Presence of malaria | 1.00*** | 1.00*** | 1.00*** |
| No malaria | 1.67 [1.31; 2.13] | 1.80 [1.35; 2.40] | 1.99 [1.50; 2.64] |
| Malaria diagnosis prior to drug shop visitc | |||
| No | 1.00*** | 1.00** | 1.00** |
| Yes | 1.42 [1.24; 1.63] | 1.24 [1.07; 1.45] | 1.19 [1.02; 1.39] |
| Travel time to drug shop | |||
| Less than 1 hour | 1.00*** | 1.00** | |
| 1 hour or above | 1.38 [1.17; 1.63] | 1.30 [1.10; 1.53] | |
Notes: *P ≤ 0.10; **P ≤ 0.05; ***P ≤ 0.001.
aGMR stands for geometric mean ratio.
bSales included shopkeeper, retail, wholesale, market vendor. Services included civil servant, driver, security guard, boda boda rider.
c‘No’ indicates patient self-diagnosis or diagnosis without a test by drug seller during the drug shop visit; ‘Yes’ indicates laboratory test or presumptive diagnosis by health worker prior to the drug shop visit.