FIGURE 1.
In vivo experiments show that Gadd45a deletion promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis. Gadd45a+/+ or Gadd45a−/− MEFs (1.0 × 106) were injected subcutaneously into the right armpit of mice (n = 8 for each group). a, the xenograft tumor volume (length × width2 × 0.5) was measured every other day for a total of 16 days. Average tumor volume was presented as mean ± S.E. b, after 16 days the mice were sacrificed, and tumors were removed (c). d, the weights of tumors were presented as mean ± S.E. **, p < 0.01. e and g, PCNA or BAX expressions in the two tumors were compared by immunostaining. Scale bar = 50 μm. f and h, the bar represents the scores of immunostaining analysis (staining density × score of the positively stained cell portion) as mean ± S.E. **, p < 0.01. i and k, the blood vessels in tumors were immunostained with von Willebrand factor (vWF) or CD31 antibody and counterstained with hematoxylin. Scale bar = 50 μm. j and l, microvessel density in tumors was presented as mean ± S.E. **, p < 0.01.