Table 3. Summary results for AMOVA analyses of the 14 populations of M. alternatus from China that were compared using three grouping criteria (see details in Table 1).

Grouping criteria	Source of variation	d.f.	Variance components	% of variation	F	P
Port distribution	Among groups	1	0.31784Va	5.64	F CT = 0.056	0.145
	Among populations within groups	12	2.56276Vb	45.44	F SC = 0.482	0.000
	Within populations	126	2.75883Vc	48.92	F ST = 0.511	0.000
	Total	139	5.63943	–	–	–
Regional economic status	Among groups	2	1.16196Va	19.87	F CT = 0.199	0.003
	Among populations within groups	11	1.92598Vb	32.94	F SC = 0.411	0.000
	Within populations	126	2.75883Vc	47.19	F ST = 0.528	0.000
	Total	139	5.84677	–	–	–
Regional freight turnover	Among groups	2	1.17718 Va	20.12	F CT = 0.201	0.005
	Among populations within groups	11	1.91544 Vb	32.73	F SC = 0.410	0.000
	Within populations	126	2.75883 Vc	47.15	F ST = 0.529	0.000
	Total	139	5.85146	–	–	–
Pinewood nematode infestationstatus	Among groups	1	0.12418Va	2.24	F CT = 0.022	0.255
	Among populations within groups	12	2.66900Vb	48.07	F SC = 0.492	0.000
	Within populations	126	2.75883Vc	49.69	F ST = 0.503	0.000
	Total	139	5.55202	–	–	–