Table 1. Femur Physical and Strength Properties.
| Group | Length (mm) | Diameter (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Oven dry weight (g) | Ash weight (g) | Upper yield point (N) | Yield strength (N) | Break force (N) | Elastic force (N) | Max force |
| Control | 83.95 (±3.19) | 6.95 (±0.14) | 0.4 (±0.03) | 4.62 (±0.16) | 2.63 (±0.12) | 42.16 (±19.83) | 65.46 (±10.53) | 170.03 (±11.18)** | 3985.29 (±872.37) | 180.13 (±11.33)* |
| Low | 81.39 (±0.47) | 7 (±0.07) | 0.43 (±0.04) | 4.54 (±0.14) | 2.57 (±0.14) | 32.14 (±3.70) | 27.23 (±2.42) | 177.15 (±14.22)** | 2397.54 (±578.30) | 184.55 (±13.97)* |
| Medium | 81.86 (±0.32) | 7.1 (±0.07) | 0.42 (±0.03) | 4.54 (±0.12) | 2.55 (±0.06) | 47.93 (±14.71) | 50.54 (±11.68) | 181.73 (±8.86)** | 3598.34 (±855.79) | 189.81 (±8.47)* |
| High | 81.62 (±0.39) | 7.03 (±0.07) | 0.48 (±0.04) | 4.68 (±0.12) | 2.76 (±0.12) | 38.22 (±11.31) | 61.98 (±19.12) | 228.35 (±16.22)** | 3712.61 (±1192.70) | 233.17 (±16.41)* |
Length, diameter, thickness, oven dry weight, ash weight, upper yield point, yield strength, break force, elastic force, and max force of tibias collected from White Leghorn hens after melatonin treatment.
*
= significant at p<0.05.
**
= significant at P<0.01.
***
= significant at p<0.001.
Data given are mean ± SE.