Table 3. The effect of male gender on the management of patients with acute biliary pancreatitis.

Management	Men (n = 6,628), %	Women (n = 6,482), %	Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI)a	P values
ERCP	17.2	18.7	0.91 (0.80–1.03)	0.118
Cholecystectomy	7.5	8.8	0.82 (0.72–0.93)	0.002
TPN	3.7	2.7	1.24 (1.00–1.52)	0.046
Hemodialysis	1.6	2.4	0.59 (0.42–0.83)b	0.002
MV	3.7	3.1	1.16 (0.84–1.60)	0.368

ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

^aMultivariable logistic regression using Generalized Estimating Equations models adjusting for age, year of admission, urbanization, hospital level, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (0, 1, 2, 3+), imaging studies (i.e., computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and individual severity criteria (including intensive care unit admission, gastrointestinal bleeding, local complication and organ failure).

^bChronic renal disease and acute renal failure were forced into the model as additional covariates because they are risk factors of performing hemodialysis.