Table 4. Hazard ratios for mortality and first cardiovascular event by categorical or continuous measure of plasma aldosterone modified by ECW/TBW.
| Overall | ECW/TBW >48% | ECW/TBW ≤48% | P-valuea | |
| (n = 328) | (n = 119) | (n = 209) | ||
| All-cause Mortality, Adjusted HR (95% Confidence Interval) | ||||
| Categorical measure | ||||
| Aldosterone <140 pg/mL | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.01 |
| Aldosterone 140–280 pg/mL | 0.87 (0.58−1.31) | 0.82 (0.43−1.45) | 1.15 (0.91−2.23) | |
| Aldosterone >280 pg/mL | 0.65 (0.48–0.91) | 0.49 (0.25−0.76) | 1.97 (1.69−3.75) | |
| Age, per 1 year | 1.05 (1.03−1.07) | 1.03 (1.00−1.08) | 1.07 (1.02−1.12) | |
| Prior CVD | 2.54 (1.54−4.17) | 5.29 (2.44−11.49) | 2.35 (1.87−6.36) | |
| Albumin, per 1 g/L | 0.92 (0.85−0.98) | 0.87 (0.75−0.91) | 0.91 (0.79−0.92) | |
| IL-6, per 1 pg/mL | 1.07 (1.01−1.14) | 1.11 (1.01−1.23) | 1.08 (1.04−1.12) | |
| Continuous measure | ||||
| Aldosterone, per 100 pg/mL | 0.75 (0.60−0.91) | 0.84 (0.67−0.96) | 1.61 (1.20−2.73) | 0.03 |
| Age, per 1 year | 1.05 (1.03−1.08) | 1.03 (0.99−1.07) | 1.07 (1.02−1.12) | |
| Prior CVD | 2.58 (1.40−4.76) | 5.52 (2.53−12.07) | 2.14 (1.80−5.67) | |
| Albumin, per 1 g/L | 0.92 (0.85−0.99) | 0.85 (0.77−0.94) | 0.93 (0.89−0.97) | |
| IL-6, per 1 pg/mL | 1.05 (1.02−1.13) | 1.11 (1.02−1.27) | 1.07 (1.03−1.11) | |
| First CV Event, Adjusted HR (95% Confidence Interval) | ||||
| Categorical measure | ||||
| Aldosterone <140 pg/mL | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.02 |
| Aldosterone140–280 pg/mL | 0.89 (0.65−1.41) | 0.81 (0.51−1.89) | 1.21 (0.92−2.43) | |
| Aldosterone >280 pg/mL | 0.79 (0.41−0.81) | 0.70 (0.33−0.78) | 2.01 (1.28−4.15) | |
| Age, per 1 year | 1.03 (1.02−1.06) | 1.02 (0.97−1.08) | 1.04 (0.99−1.10) | |
| Prior CVD | 5.08 (2.57−10.09) | 6.45 (2.52−16.52) | 3.41 (1.24−9.39) | |
| Albumin, per 1 g/L | 0.89 (0.80−0.99) | 0.80 (0.65−0.98) | 0.82 (0.68−0.98) | |
| IL-6, per 1 pg/mL | 1.14 (1.04−1.25) | 1.14 (1.02−1.29) | 1.21 (1.01−1.45) | |
| Continuous measure | ||||
| Aldosterone, per 100 pg/mL | 0.80 (0.69−0.95) | 0.69 (0.57−0.90) | 1.67 (1.12−2.89) | 0.03 |
| Age, per 1 year | 1.04 (1.01−1.08) | 1.03 (0.97−1.09) | 1.05 (0.99−1.12) | |
| Prior CVD | 5.10 (2.26−11.56) | 6.45 (2.52−16.52) | 3.42 (1.24−9.39) | |
| Albumin, per 1 g/L | 0.89 (0.79−0.96) | 0.81 (0.65−0.99) | 0.82 (0.68−0.98) | |
| IL-6, per 1 pg/mL | 1.13 (1.02−1.25) | 1.15 (1.02−1.29) | 1.21 (1.01−1.45) | |
Abbreviations: CI denotes confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; CVD, cardiovascular disease; ECW/TBW, ratio of extracellular water to total body water; HR, hazard ratio; IL-6, inerleukin-6.
a
The interaction P values assessed the modifying effect of volume overload (ECW/TBW >48%) on the risk relationship between plasma aldosterone and overall mortality and CV events.