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. 2013 Feb 28;8(2):e57474. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057474

Figure 1. TGF-β induces TIMP-3 gene expression in a Smad-dependent manner in fibroblasts.

Figure 1

(A) Human gingival fibroblasts were treated with TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) for 24 h. Thereafter, total cellular RNAs were harvested and analyzed for the expression of TIMP-3, TIMP-1, PAI-1, and GAPDH mRNAs by Northern blotting. (B) EF7WT and EF7Smad4KO (Smad4 deficient) cells were treated with TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) for 3 h and 12 h or left untreated (control). Total RNA was extracted and TIMP-3 and PAI-1 gene expression was determined by qRT-PCR. mRNA expression (mean+SD) is shown relative to 18S ribosomal RNA (n = 4). *p<0.05, **p<0.005 (t-test) for TGF-β vs. control cultures.