Table 2. Characteristics of poor and good outcome groups at baseline.
| Variables | Poor Outcome (n = 40) | Good Outcome (n = 53) | Statistics | ||||
| Demographic | M | SD | M | SD | F | p-value | Effect Size c |
| Age (years) | 21.75 | 4.3 | 21.42 | 4.7 | 0.13 | ns | 0.07 |
| Age of Onset (years) | 16.87 | 4.6 | 15.77 | 4.7 | 1.19 | ns | 0.23 |
| Education (years) | 12.43 | 2.6 | 12.75 | 2.5 | 0.39 | ns | 0.12 |
| Premorbid IQ | 103.85 | 10.2 | 104.40 | 8.9 | 0.08 | ns | 0.06 |
| Clinical | |||||||
| BPRS Depression | 14.23 | 5.2 | 13.06 | 5.8 | 1.02 | ns | 0.21 |
| BPRS Positive | 11.77 | 4.8 | 11.08 | 3.7 | 0.61 | ns | 0.16 |
| BPRS Negative | 8.38 | 3.0 | 7.36 | 2.9 | 2.73 | ns | 0.34 |
| BPRS Mania | 11.72 | 5.3 | 9.30 | 2.7 | 6.74 a | 0.012 | 0.60 |
| Neuropsychological | |||||||
| TMT-A | −0.24 | 1.1 | −0.10 | 1.3 | 0.29 | ns | 0.11 |
| TMT-B | −0.93 | 1.7 | −0.12 | 1.2 | 6.75 a | 0.012 | 0.56 |
| LM-Ret | −0.65 | 1.2 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 9.53 | 0.003 | 0.66 |
| RAVLT-Ret | −0.70 | 1.5 | −0.21 | 1.4 | 2.66 | ns | 0.34 |
| RVP-Hits | −1.05 | 1.5 | −0.75 | 1.3 | 0.93 | ns | 0.21 |
| SSP | −0.52 | 1.2 | 0.24 | 1.0 | 10.44 | 0.002 | 0.69 |
| PAL | −0.88 | 1.7 | 0.10 | 0.9 | 10.50 a | 0.002 | 0.75 |
| IED | −0.43 | 1.4 | −0.10 | 1.1 | 0.47 | ns | 0.26 |
| Letter Fluency | −0.45 | 1.1 | −0.12 | 1.0 | 2.26 | ns | 0.31 |
| Category Fluency | −0.04 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 1.0 | 2.45 | ns | 0.33 |
| Functional | |||||||
| SOFAS | 54.89 | 9.4 | 64.33 | 10.6 | 18.70 | 0.000 | 0.93 |
| WHOQOL-BREF | 45.52 | 11.4 | 48.58 | 8.1 | 1.90 a | ns | 0.31 |
| WHODAS-II | 41.34 | 16.8 | 39.81 | 18.1 | 0.13 | ns | 0.09 |
| Treatment Centre | N | % | N | % | χ2 | p-value | Effect Size d |
| BMRI or Headspace | 30 | 75.0 | 42 | 79.2 | 0.24 | ns | 0.05 |
| FEP Team | 5 | 12.5 | 4 | 7.5 | 0.64 | ns b | 0.08 |
| External Clinician | 5 | 12.5 | 7 | 13.2 | 0.01 | ns | 0.01 |
| Medication-Use | |||||||
| Medicated | 35 | 87.5 | 36 | 67.9 | 4.84 | 0.028 | 0.23 |
| Antidepressant-Use | 19 | 47.5 | 21 | 39.6 | 0.58 | ns | 0.08 |
| Antipsychotic-Use | 27 | 54.0 | 23 | 43.4 | 5.33 | 0.021 | 0.24 |
| Anticonvulsant-Use | 4 | 10.0 | 5 | 9.4 | 0.01 | ns b | 0.01 |
BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. TMT-A = Trail Making Test – Part A. RVP-Hits = Rapid Visual Processing Hits. SSP = Spatial Span length. LM-Ret = Logical Memory percentage retention. RAVLT-Ret = Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test percentage retention. PAL = Paired Associates Learning adjusted errors. TMT-B = Trail Making Test- Part B. IED = Intra−/Extradimensional Set Shift Task total errors. SOFAS = Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale. BMRI = Brain & Mind Research Institute. FEP Team = Inner West Area Health Service First Episode Psychosis Intervention Services.
a
Welch’s statistic correcting for homogeneity of variance violation.
b
Fisher’s exact test correcting for cells with n<5.
c
Hedges’ g.
d
Cramer’s V.