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. 2013 Mar 1;8(3):e55429. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055429

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© 2013 Caruana et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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12BC-20 (A–C) (A) Unilateral and (B) bilateral dilation of the renal pelvis (*). Kinks (A) and twisting (B) of the ureter (arrow) distal to the dilation. (C) Ureter bifurcation at the site marked with a line. Single ureter (arrow) below and bifurcated ureter (arrows) above the line. 12BC-19 (D–F) (D) Unilateral renal agenesis. (E) Bilateral hydronephrosis. (F) Bilateral hydroureter and hydronephrosis. 14BC-07 (G–I) (G) Dilated renal pelvis (*). (H) Duplicated ureter with hydroureter in one ureter leading to hydronephrosis in upper pole. (I) Unilateral renal hypoplasia (lines marking top and bottom of kidneys). a = adrenal, u = ureter.