Table 2.
Association of any bisphosphonate use with the risk of hip fracture
| Cases | Controls | Average cumulative duration (days) | Time since first BP prescription (days) | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Use | ||||||
| No use | 1726 (85.9) | 8838 (88.0) | – | – | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| Ever use | 283 (14.1) | 1207 (12.0) | 600 (556) | 968 (622) | 1.21 (1.05 to 1.39) | 1.09 (0.94 to 1.27) |
| Timing | ||||||
| No use | 1726 (85.9) | 8838 (88.0) | – | – | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| Past use | 111 (5.5) | 347 (3.5) | 315 (415) | 1164 (601) | 1.63 (1.31 to 2.04) | 1.50 (1.19 to 1.89) |
| Recent use | 43 (2.1) | 127 (1.3) | 515 (521) | 774 (599) | 1.74 (1.22 to 2.47) | 1.34 (0.92 to 1.95) |
| Current use | 129 (6.4) | 733 (7.3) | 769 (563) | 903 (612) | 0.90 (0.74 to 1.10) | 0.84 (0.68 to 1.03) |
| p for trend | 0.54 | 0.53 | ||||
| Duration | ||||||
| No use (≤30 days) | 1726 (85.9) | 8838 (88.0) | – | – | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| >30 days to ≤1 year | 139 (6.9) | 533 (5.3) | 147 (106) | 687 (590) | 1.34 (1.10 to 1.63) | 1.20 (0.97 to 1.47) |
| >1 to ≤3 years | 92 (4.6) | 458 (4.6) | 684 (211) | 956 (419) | 1.03 (0.82 to 1.30) | 0.94 (0.74 to 1.20) |
| >3 years | 52 (2.6) | 216 (2.2) | 1566 (375) | 1698 (437) | 1.25 (0.91 to 1.70) | 1.15 (0.82 to 1.60) |
| p for trend | 0.16* | 0.63* | ||||
| Time since first BP use | ||||||
| No use (≤30 days) | 1726 (85.9) | 8838 (88.0) | – | – | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| >30 days to ≤1 years | 41 (2.0) | 222 (2.2) | 140 (99) | 194 (103) | 0.95 (0.67 to 1.33) | 0.85 (0.60 to 1.21) |
| >1 to ≤3 years | 120 (6.0) | 546 (5.4) | 454 (299) | 727 (209) | 1.13 (0.92 to 1.38) | 1.02 (0.82 to 1.26) |
| >3 years | 122 (6.1) | 439 (4.4) | 990 (660) | 1618 (445) | 1.44 (1.17 to 1.78) | 1.32 (1.05 to 1.65) |
| p for trend† | 0.0008 | 0.03 | ||||
Model 1: Conditional logistic regression model.
Model 2: Conditional logistic regression model adjusted for smoking, body mass index, alcoholism, previous fracture, kidney disease, malabsorption, stroke, dementia, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and thyroid disease, PPI (no use, ≤1 year, >1 year), anxiolytics, sedatives, antidepressants, antihypertensives, oral corticosteroids (no use, ≤1 year, >1 year), raloxifene, hormone replacement therapy and thiazolidinediones.
*Modelled as the median duration of use in each category.
†Modelled as time in days since first bisphosphonate prescription (0 for no users).
BP, bisphosphonate.