Table 1.
Available reverse genetics systems for negative-sense RNA viral hemorrhagic fever agents and closely related viruses.
| Family | Genus | Virus | Human disease | Genome | Minigenome systems | trVLP systems | Full-length clone system |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Filoviridae | Ebolavirus | Ebola virus (EBOV) | Ebola virus disease | non-segmented negative sense | (Mühlberger et al., 1999) | (Watanabe et al., 2004)*, (Hoenen et al., 2006)** | (Volchkov et al., 2001) |
| Reston virus (RESTV) | none | (Groseth et al., 2005) | – | – | |||
| Marburgvirus | Marburg virus (MARV) | Marburg virus disease | (Mühlberger et al., 1998) | (Wenigenrath et al., 2010)*, (Krähling et al., 2010)** | (Enterlein et al., 2006) | ||
| Arenaviridae | Arenavirus (Old World) | Lassa virus (LASV) | Lassa fever | bi-segmented ambisense | (Hass et al., 2004) | – | – |
| Arenavirus (New World) | Junín virus (JUNV) | Argentinian HF | (Albarino et al., 2009) | – *** | (Albarino et al., 2009) | ||
| Tacaribe virus (TCRV) | none | (Lopez et al., 2001) | –*** | – | |||
| Machupo virus (MACV) | Bolivian HF | (Kranzusch et al., 2010) | – | – | |||
| Bunyaviridae | Orthobunyavirus | Bunyamwera (BUNV) | none | tri-segmented ambisense or negative sense | (Dunn et al., 1995) | (Shi et al., 2006) | (Bridgen and Elliott, 1996) |
| Phlebovirus | Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) | Rift Valley fever | (Ikegami et al., 2005) | (Habjan et al., 2009a) | (Ikegami et al., 2006) | ||
| Uukuniemi virus (UUKV) | none | (Flick and Pettersson, 2001) | (Overby et al., 2006) | – | |||
| Hantavirus | Hantaan virus (HTNV) | HF with renal syndrome | (Flick et al., 2003a) | – | – | ||
| Nairovirus | Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) | Crimean Congo HF | (Bergeron et al., 2010; Flick et al., 2003b) | – | – |
*
System with pre-transfected target cells
**
System with naïve target cells
***
A chimeric approach using a combination of components from Tacaribe virus and Junin virus has been reported (Casabona et al., 2009)