Table 3.
Factors associated with racial and ethnic disparities in statin use among older adults at high cardiovascular risk (N = 1066)
| Unadjusted OR* (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | p-value† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Race and ethnicity | 0.044 | ||
| White, Non-Hispanic | Reference | Reference | |
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 0.63(0.46, 0.88) | 0.65 (0.46, 0.90) | 0.012 |
| Hispanic, Non-black | 0.88(0.54, 1.42) | 0.87(0.52, 1.47) | 0.604 |
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age group | 0.078 | ||
| 57–64 | Reference | Reference | |
| 65–74 | 1.72(1.15, 2.57) | 1.54(0.88, 2.67) | |
| 75–85 | 1.32 (0.87, 2.00) | 1.12(0.65, 1.93) | |
| Gender | 0.007 | ||
| Men | Reference | Reference | |
| Women | 0.75 (0.60, 0.93) | 0.70 (0.55, 0.90) | |
| Comorbidity Index | 1.03(0.95, 1.11) | 1.03(0.94, 1.11) | 0.540 |
| Socioeconomic characteristics | |||
| Education | 0.956 | ||
| Less than high school | Reference | Reference | |
| High school graduate | 0.95(0.65, 1.40) | 0.94 (0.64, 1.38) | |
| Some college | 0.95(0.69, 1.33) | 0.96(0.67, 1.38) | |
| Bachelors or more | 1.05(0.65, 1.69) | 1.06 (0.62, 1.80) | |
| Household income‡ | 0.877 | ||
| < = 100% federal poverty level | Reference | Reference | |
| 101–200% federal poverty level | 1.26(0.74, 2.15) | 1.12 (0.65, 1.95) | |
| >200% federal poverty level | 1.37(0.81, 2.31) | 1.18 (0.65, 2.16) | |
| Missing (<25k/yr) | 1.70(0.80, 3.60) | 1.43 (0.68, 3.01) | |
| Missing (unknown) | 1.28 (0.56, 2.91) | 1.16 (0.50, 2.66) | |
| Access to care characteristics | |||
| Health Insurance§ | 0.156 | ||
| No insurance | Reference | Reference | |
| Medicare | 2.11(1.00, 4.45) | 1.47(0.60, 3.64) | |
| Private insurance | 1.28(0.55, 2.97) | 1.06 (0.46, 2.44) | |
| Medicaid/VA/other | 2.89(0.94, 8.89) | 3.04 (1.00, 9.20) | |
| Missing | 1.63(0.67, 3.95) | 1.33(0.53, 3.37) | |
| Usual source of care¶ | 0.118 | ||
| None | Reference | Reference | |
| Clinic/Health center | 2.40(1.20, 4.81) | 2.31(1.04, 5.16) | |
| Doctors office/HMO | 2.60(1.39, 4.87) | 2.46(1.25, 4.83) | |
| Hospital ER/OP or Other | 1.88 (0.83, 4.29) | 1.69(0.67, 4.31) | |
| Missing | 2.12(0.88,5.10) | 2.07(0.80, 5.36) |
Estimates are weighted to account for differential probabilities of selection and differential non-response.
p-values obtained from Wald tests based on the full model, using design-based variance estimates.
Those labeled as ‘Missing (<25k/yr)’ did not report a specific amount, but indicated that it was ‘less than $25,000 per year’; those labeled as ‘Missing (unknown)’ did not provide sufficient information to make this determination.
Those labeled ‘Private insurance’ are not covered by Medicare; those labeled ‘Medicaid/VA/other’ are not covered by Medicare or private insurance.
HMO refers to Health Maintenance Organization; ‘Hospital ER/OP’ refers to hospital emergency room or hospital outpatient.