. 2013 Feb 22;13:9. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-13-9

Table 4.

Stepwise regression stage-models of adiponectin^awith glucose metabolism components by gender^b(N = 2,799)

	Model without FPG^cor IR^c		Model with FPG		Model with IR
Independent Variable	Estimate (β coefficient)	*P-value*	Estimate (β coefficient)	*P-value*	Estimate (β coefficient)	*P-value*
Women (N = 1,801)
VAT	- 0.09	*< .0001*	- 0.08	*< .0001*	- 0.07	*.0002*
SAT	0.06	*.02*	0.06	*.02*	0.04	*.09*
Age	0.01	< .0001	0.01	< .0001	0.01	< .0001
BMI	0.005	.23	0.005	.22	0.01	.09
WC	- 0.01	< .0001	- 0.01	< .0001	- 0.01	< .0001
SBP	0.001	.29	0.001	.27	0.001	.12
HDL-C	0.01	< .0001	0.01	< .0001	0.01	< .0001
TG	- 0.001	< .0001	- 0.001	< .0001	- 0.001	.05
Smoking	---	---	---	---	---	---
Alcohol Intake	---	---	---	---	---	---
FPG	N/A^d	N/A^d	- 0.0004	.43	N/A^d	N/A^d
HOMA-IR	N/A^d	N/A^d	N/A^d	N/A^d	- 0.06	< .0001
Men (N = 998)
VAT	- 0.03	*.21*	- 0.03	*.21*	- 0.03	*.30*
SAT	0.18	*.0002*	0.18	*.0002*	0.13	*.004*
Age	0.01	.0001	0.01	<.0001	0.01	.001
BMI	- 0.01	.008	- 0.01	.10	- 0.02	.01
WC	- 0.01	.12	- 0.01	.14	---	---
SBP	0.001	.26	0.002	.24	0.001	.37
HDL-C	0.01	< .0001	0.01	<.0001	0.01	< .0001
TG	- 0.001	.002	- 0.001	.002	- 0.001	.01
Smoking	0.001	.33	0.001	.28	---	---
Alcohol Intake	0.001	.11	0.001	.12	0.001	.11
FPG	N/A^d	N/A^d	- 0.001	.20	N/A^d	N/A^d
HOMA-IR	N/A^d	N/A^d	N/A^d	N/A^d	- 0.05	< .0001

^aLog-transformed values;

^bP-value for sex by VAT interaction was 0.001 in the first model (without IR), 0.004 in the second model (with FPG), and 0.003 in the third model (with IR);

^cBy fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and/or HOMA-IR as continuous variables;

^dN/A: not applicable (not used within the model);

The significance level considered for entry into the stepwise forward-selection regression model was 0.50.

BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; VAT: visceral adiposity tissue; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; SBP: systolic blood pressure; HOMA-IR: homeostasis assessment model - insulin resistance; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; smoking in packs-year and alcohol intake in grams/day.

Model’s R-square for the full model (without FPG or HOMA-IR): 0.29 in women and 0.18 in men; for the full model (with FPG): 0.26 in women and 0.18 in men; for the full model (with HOMA-IR): 0.32 in women and 0.21 in men.