Table 4.
Comparison of subgroups: Children with greater than and less than 10% of preschool speech sound errors classified as “atypical”
| Task | >10% atypical errors (n=16) | <10% Atypical errors (n=9) | U | p* | Effect size r | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Mean (SD) | Median (range) | Mean (SD) | Median (range) | ||||
| GFTA-2 | 82.4 (15.2) | 83 (46–107) | 86.4 (14.1) | 86 (63–104) | 60 | 0.26 | 0.14 |
| PPVT-4 | 106.9 (8.2) | 108 (92–119) | 113.7 (19.1) | 120 (87–143) | 54 | 0.16 | 0.20 |
| CTOPP PA Composite | 85.8 (9.1) | 88 (64–97) | 100.3 (11.3) | 103 (82–121) | 21.5 | 0.0015 | 0.58 |
| TOWRE Sight Words | 97.9 (10.9) | 96.5 (85.5–120.5) | 113.0 (8.1) | 113.5 (95–124.5) | 23 | 0.002 | 0.56 |
| TOWRE Phonemic Decoding | 91.5 (14.7) | 89 (73–126) | 104.8 (7.8) | 104.5 (92.5– 117.5) | 23 | 0.002 | 0.56 |
| WJ-3 Letter-Word ID | 98.1 (9.6) | 98.5 (85–119) | 107.7 (9.1) | 109 (90–119) | 32 | 0.012 | 0.45 |
| WJ-3 Word Attack | 98.2 (12.9) | 98.5 (81–119) | 105.8 (3.2) | 106 (99–111) | 31 | 0.010 | 0.47 |
| WJ-3 Spelling | 92.8 (12.9) | 90 (72–125) | 108.0 (12.0) | 106 (90–129) | 20.5 | 0.001 | 0.58 |
*
p-values based on Mann-Whitney U, 1-tailed