Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics a by ethnicity of women in the SWAN Hip Strength study
| Total (n=1942) | Caucasian (n=966) | African-American (n=517) | Chinese (n=220) | Japanese (n=239) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Age in years | 46.4 (2.7) | 46.4 (2.7) | 46.5 (2.6) | 46.1 (2.6) | 46.7 (2.6) | 0.03 |
|
| ||||||
| Site, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||||
| Michigan | 428 (22.0) | 176 (18.2) | 252 (48.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| MGH | 335 (17.3) | 197 (20.4) | 138 (26.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| UC-Davis | 391 (20.1) | 171 (17.7) | 0 (0) | 220 (100) | 0 (0) | |
| UCLA | 421 (21.7) | 182 (18.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 239 (100) | |
| Pittsburgh | 367 (18.9) | 240 (24.8) | 127 (24.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
|
| ||||||
| Menopausal Status, n (%) | 0.0045 | |||||
| Pre-menopausal | 850 (43.8) | 434 (44.9) | 247 (47.9) | 81 (36.8) | 88 (36.8) | |
| Early Peri-menopausal | 1091 (56.2) | 532 (55.1) | 269 (52.1) | 139 (63.2) | 151 (63.2) | |
|
| ||||||
| Height (cm) | 162.3 (6.5) | 164.1 (6.2) | 163.3 (6.1) | 157.8 (5.5) | 157.1 (4.7) | <0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Weight (kg) | 72.6 (19.3) | 74.3 (18.2) | 83.1 (19.3) | 57.9 (10.7) | 56.7 (8.9) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 (6.8) | 27.6 (6.5) | 31.2 (7.2) | 23.3 (3.9) | 23.0 (3.6) | <0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Dietary Calcium Intake (mg/d) | 742.2 (428.1) | 818.1 (437.8) | 699.6 (437.6) | 687.2 (372.0) | 643.5 (357.2) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Calcium Supplement, n (%) | 875 (45.1) | 463 (48.0) | 197 (38.1) | 81 (36.8) | 134 (56.3) | <0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Vitamin D Supplement, n (%) | 749 (38.6) | 394 (40.9) | 185 (35.8) | 61 (27.7) | 109 (45.8) | 0.0002 |
|
| ||||||
| Physical Activity Score (range 3–14) | 7.8 (1.8) | 8.1 (1.8) | 7.3 (1.8) | 7.3 (1.7) | 7.9 (1.6) | < 0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Daily Alcohol Servings, n (%) | 998 (51.5) | 393 (40.8) | 292 (56.5) | 174 (79.1) | 139 (58.4) | <0.0001 |
| None | 826 (42.6) | 498 (51.2) | 203 (39.3) | 42 (19.1) | 83 (34.9) | |
| <1 drink/day | 115 (5.9) | 73 (7.6) | 22 (4.3) | 4 (1.8) | 16 (6.7) | |
| ≥1 drink/day | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Smoking, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||||
| Never | 1145 (59.4) | 520 (54.1) | 268 (52.8) | 206 (93.6) | 151 (63.7) | |
| Past | 492 (25.5) | 317 (33.0) | 106 (20.9) | 12 (5.5) | 57 (24.1) | |
| Current | 290(15.1) | 125 (13.0) | 134 (26.4) | 2 (0.9) | 29 (12.2) | |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 82 (4.2) | 37 (3.8) | 42 (8.1) | 3 (1.4) | 0 | <0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Arthritis, n (%) | 354 (18.2) | 185 (19.1) | 126 (24.4) | 26 (11.8) | 17 (7.1) | <0.0001 |
|
| ||||||
| Corticosteroid Use, n (%) | 21 (1.1) | 10 (1.0) | 11 (2.1) | 0 | 0 | 0.016 |
a
Mean (SD) unless otherwise noted.