Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by adiponectin tertile
| Characteristic | Adiponectin Tertile 1 (n=328) | Adiponectin Tertile 2 (n=330) | Adiponectin Tertile 3 (n=329) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median adiponectin level (μg/ml) | 5.0 (3.7–6.2) | 10.1 (3.7–6.2) | 22.0 (17.2–32.3) | |
| Demographic factors | ||||
| Age (yr) | 49.7±12.5 | 51.7±12.9 | 51.6±12.8 | 0.07 |
| Men (%) | 73 | 58 | 42 | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (%) | 23 | 19 | 15 | 0.03 |
| Cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors | ||||
| Diabetes (%) | 26 | 18 | 20 | 0.04 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 8 | 9 | 9 | 0.85 |
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 13 | 16 | 13 | 0.40 |
| Cerebrovascular accident (%) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0.75 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–4) | 2 (2–4) | 0.07 |
| Malnutrition-inflammation score | 3 (1–4) | 3 (2–5) | 4 (2–6) | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 139.3±18.4 | 141.2±18.9 | 145.6±20.3 | 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 83.3±11.3 | 83.7±11.2 | 85.0±13.4 | 0.14 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.0±4.6 | 27.1±5.1 | 25.9±4.7 | <0.001 |
| Abdominal circumference (cm) | 102.8±13.0 | 99.5±14.9 | 94.3±14.0 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.36±1.19 | 5.42±1.15 | 5.75±1.44 | 0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 120.3±33.6 | 122.2±34.4 | 123.3±39.1 | 0.53 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 44.9±11.2 | 50.7±14.7 | 58.0±20.9 | <0.001 |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 75 | 59 | 58 | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 3.7 (1.9–7.3) | 3.4 (1.4–7.2) | 2.7 (1.2–5.8) | 0.008 |
| Kidney and transplant factors | ||||
| Estimated GFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 56.7 (43.0–71.4) | 51.4 (40.0–67.4) | 44.1 (28.0–61.1) | <0.001 |
| Cause of ESRD (%) | 0.35 | |||
| Diabetes | 3 | 4 | 6 | |
| Hypertension | 5 | 8 | 6 | |
| GN | 24 | 23 | 21 | |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 20 | 17 | 18 | |
| Other/unknown | 48 | 48 | 49 | |
| Median time since transplant (mo) | 76 (47–121) | 74 (39–116) | 86 (43–124) | 0.25 |
| Median time on dialysis (mo) | 19 (9–37) | 18 (9–37) | 23 (11–40) | 0.12 |
| Delayed graft function (%) | 31 | 24 | 23 | 0.09 |
| Acute rejection (%) | 16 | 12 | 18 | 0.39 |
| HLA mismatch (%) | 0.81 | |||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1–2 | 30 | 29 | 25 | |
| 3–4 | 64 | 65 | 68 | |
| 5–6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
| Immunosuppression | ||||
| Steroids | 78 | 78 | 86 | 0.03 |
| Cyclosporine | 46 | 48 | 55 | 0.06 |
| Tacrolimus | 46 | 45 | 33 | 0.003 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 80 | 79 | 75 | 0.26 |
| Sirolimus | 5 | 7 | 11 | 0.03 |
| Laboratory | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 14.0±1.5 | 13.5±1.6 | 12.9±1.8 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | 4.1±0.4 | 4.1±0.4 | 3.9±0.5 | <0.001 |
| White blood cell (103 cells/mm3) | 8.3±2.4 | 7.7±2.0 | 7.7±2.4 | 0.006 |
| Calcium (g/L) | 9.44±0.56 | 9.52±0.60 | 9.36±0.68 | 0.003 |
| Phosphorus (g/L) | 3.22±1.02 | 3.28±0.77 | 3.50±0.87 | 0.001 |
Values expressed with a plus/minus sign are the mean ± SD or medians with interquartile ranges in brackets. GFR was calculated per CKD-Epidemiology study equation.