Table I.
Mouse models of glioma divided after classification and WHO grade with driving cancer gene, putative targeted cell of origin (Targeted cell) and the mechanism of the model as indicated.
| Cancer genes | Targeted cell | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ependymoma models | |||
| EphB2/Ink4a/Arf−/− | NSCs | Transplant | [57] |
| Pilocytic astrocytoma models (I) | |||
| BRAFV600E | Nestin | RCAS | [91] |
| Astrocytoma models (II-III) | |||
| v-src | GFAP | Transgenic | [97] |
| Arf−/− | - | Transgenic | [98] |
| c-myc | GFAP | Transgenic | [99] |
| K-ras | GFAP | Cre | [100] |
| H-Ras | GFAP | Transgenic | [101] |
| H-Ras/Ptenloxp/loxp | GFAP | Cre | [102] |
| T121/Pten+/− | GFAP | Cre | [103] |
| EGFR/Ink4a/Arf−/− | Nestin | RCAS | [60] |
| Oligodendroglioma models (II-III) | |||
| H-ras | GFAP | Transgenic | [79] |
| H-ras/EGFRvIII | GFAP | Transgenic | [62] |
| v-ErbB/Ink4a/Arf+/− | S100β | Transgenic | [61] |
| v-ErbB/Trp53−/− | S100β | Transgenic | [63] |
| PDGFB/Ink4a/Arf−/− | - | Retroviral | [104] |
| PDGFB/Ink4a/Arf−/− | Nestin | RCAS | [72] |
| PDGFB/Akt | Nestin | RCAS | [105] |
| PDGFB | CNP | RCAS | [73] |
| PDGFB | Embryo | Retroviral | [69] |
| PDGFAL | GFAP | Transgenic | [77] |
| Glioblastoma (GBM) models (IV) | |||
| Nf1+/−/Trp53+/− | - | Transgenic | [83] |
| PDGFB | - | Retroviral | [70] |
| PDGFB | Nestin | RCAS | [106] |
| PDGFB/Trp53−/− | GFAP | Transgenic | [76] |
| K-Ras/Akt | Nestin | RCAS | [80] |
| K-Ras/Ink4a/Arf−/− | GFAP, Nestin | RCAS | [81] |
| K-Ras/Akt/Ptenloxp/loxp | Nestin | RCAS/Cre | [107] |
| Nf1loxp/+/Trp53+/− | GFAP | Cre | [85] |
| Ptenloxp/+/Trp53loxp/loxp | GFAP | Cre | [108] |
| Ptenloxp/+/Nf1loxp/+/Trp53loxp/− | GFAP | Cre | [87] |
| p53−/− | Embryo | Mutagen | [109] |
| Ptenloxp/+/Nf1loxp/+/Trp53loxp/loxp | SVZ, Nestin | CreER | [88] |
| Akt/H-Ras/Trp53+/− | SVZ, HC, GFAP | Lentiviral/Cre | [82] |
| Ptenloxp/loxp/Trp53loxp/loxp/Rbloxp/loxp | SVZ, GFAP | Adenoviral/Cre | [89] |
| Nf1+/−/Trp53loxp/loxp | GFAP | Transgenic/Cre | [84] |
| PDGFB/Ptenloxp/loxp/Trp53loxp/loxp | Subcortical WM | Retroviral/Cre | [78] |
| Ptenloxp/loxp/Trp53loxp/loxp/Rb1loxp/loxp | Astrocyte (GFAP) OPC (NG2), NSCs (GFAP/Nestin) | CreER | [90] |
| Nf1−/−/Trp53−/− | MADM/Cre | [94] | |
| EGFRvIII/Ink4a/Arf−/− | NSC, Astrocyte | Transplant | [64] |
| Pten−/−/EGFRvIII/ Ink4a/Arf−/− | Striatum | Adenoviral/Cre | [65] |
| TGFα/EGFRwt/Ink4a/Arf−/− | Striatum | Lentiviral/Cre | [66] |
NSCs: neural stem cells; SVZ: Subventricular zone ;OPC: Oligodendrocyte precursor cell; WM: White matter. HC: Hippocampus.