Table II.
Mouse models of MB with suggested molecular subtype (MB profile), dissemination/metastasis (Mets), mechanism of the model and putative cell of origin.
| Genes/pathway | MB profile; Mets | Mechanism; Putative origin | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| SHH models | |||
| Ptch+/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [120] |
| Ptch+/−; | SHH; - | KO, irradiation; GPC | [121] |
| Ptch+/−; Trp53−/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [122] |
| Ptch+/−; aInk4c+/- | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [123] |
| Ptch+/−; Ptc2+/- | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [124] |
| Ptch+/−; aKip1+/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [125] |
| Ptch+/−; Hic1−/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [126] |
| Math1-CreE; Ptchc/c | SHH; - | CKO; GPC | [37] |
| GFAP-Cre; Ptchc/c | SHH; - | CKO; GFAP-positive cell | [37] |
| GFAP-Cre; Rbloxp/loxp; aTrp53loxp/loxp | SHH; - | CKO; GFAP-positive cell | [127] |
| GFAP-Cre; Rbloxp/loxp; aTrp53loxp/loxp | SHH; - | OM; GFAP-positive cell | [128] |
| Nestin-Cre: Ptchc/c | SHH; - | CKO; Nestin-positive cell | [129] |
| ND2-SmoAhemizygous | SHH; - | CTG; GPC | [130] |
| ND2-SmoA/SmoA | SHH; Mets | CTG; GPC | [131] |
| SmoM2 | SHH; - | CTG; GPC | [132] |
| GFAP-Cre or Math1-Cre or Olig2-Cre or Tlx-Cre; SmoM2; | SHH; - | CTG; NSC, GPC or Olig2- positive cell | [36] |
| Sufu+/−; Trp53−/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [133] |
| Shh | SHH; - | Ectopic; GPC | [134] |
| Nestin-tva-Shh | SHH; - | RCAS; Nestin-positive cell | [135] |
| Nestin-tva-Shh; c-myc; Akt; IGF2 | SHH; - | RCAS; Nestin-positive cell | [136] |
| Nestin-tva-Shh; Mycn | SHH; - | RCAS; Nestin-positive cell | [137] |
| Nestin-tva-Shh; Bcl-2 | SHH; - | RCAS; Nestin-positive cell | [138] |
| Nestin-Cre;Brca2 | SHH; - | CTG; Nestin-positive cell | [139] |
| Nestin-Cre;Lig4 | SHH; - | CTG; Nestin-positive cell | [140] |
| Nestin-Cre;Xrcc2 | SHH; - | CTG; Nestin-positive cell | [140] |
| Nestin-Cre;Xrcc4 | SHH; - | CTG; Nestin-positive cell | [141] |
| Parp1−/−; Trp53−/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [142] |
| Lig4−/−; Trp53−/− | SHH; - | KO; GPC | [143] |
| SB11; Ptch+/− | SHH; Mets | SB/KO; GPC | [144] |
| SB11; Trp53mut | SHH; Mets | SB/KO; GPC | [144] |
| Non-SHH models | |||
| bProm1+Lin -sorted; cMyc; DNp53−/− | Group 3 | OM/RV/KO; NSC | [145] |
| Atoh1-GFP-sorted; Myc or Mycn; dTrp53−/−; | Group 3 or SHH | OM/RV/KO; NSC or GPC | [146] |
| Glt1-tTA; TRE-MYCN | Group 3/4; Mets | TG; Glt1-positive cell | [147] |
| GFAP-tva-MycnT58A from P0 or E16 NSCs | Group 4 or SHH | OM/RCAS; GFAP-postive NSC | [148] |
| Blbp-Cre;Ctnnb1;Trp53loxp/loxp | WNT | CTG; LRL precursor | [149] |
a
or −/−;
b
or Math1-GFP-sorted;
c
WT or T58A mutant;
d
with or without Cdkn2c−/−;
KO: knock-out; CKO: conditional knock-out; CTG: conditional transgenic model; GPC: granule cell precursor; NSC: neural stem cell; OM: orthotopic model; RV: retroviral; SB: Sleeping Beauty; DN: dominant-negative.