Fig. 1.

Renin–angiotensin system (RAS)-related gene expression during adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Adipogenic differentiation was performed for MSCs isolated from adipose tissue collected from nonobese, obese, and post-gastric bypass surgery (GBS) groups. The total RNA was extracted from the MSCs and the differentiated adipocytes. Measurement of RAS-related gene expression was performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). a Angiotensinogen (AGT). b Renin. c Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). *p < 0.05, nonobese versus obese in MSCs. ^#p < 0.05, nonobese versus post-GBS in MSCs. ^†p < 0.05, obese versus post-GBS in MSCs. ^‡p < 0.05, nonobese versus obese in adipocytes. ^§p < 0.05, nonobese versus post-GBS in adipocytes