Table 8.
Gradients of risk (the increase in fracture risk per SD change in risk score) with 95 % confidence intervals with the use of BMD at the femoral neck, clinical risk factors or the combination ([77] with kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media B.V.)
| Age (years) | Gradient of risk | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| BMD only | Clinical risk factors alone | Clinical risk factors + BMD | |
| (a) Hip fracture | |||
| 50 | 3.68 (2.61–5.19) | 2.05 (1.58–2.65) | 4.23 (3.12–5.73) |
| 60 | 3.07 (2.42–3.89) | 1.95 (1.63–2.33) | 3.51 (2.85–4.33) |
| 70 | 2.78 (2.39–3.23) | 1.84 (1.65–2.05) | 2.91 (2.56–3.31) |
| 80 | 2.28 (2.09–2.50) | 1.75 (1.62–1.90) | 2.42 (2.18–2.69) |
| 90 | 1.70 (1.50–1.93) | 1.66 (1.47–1.87) | 2.02 (1.71–2.38) |
| (b) Other osteoporotic fractures | |||
| 50 | 1.19 (1.05–1.34) | 1.41 (1.28–1.56) | 1.44 (1.30–1.59) |
| 60 | 1.28 (1.18–1.39) | 1.48 (1.39–1.58) | 1.52 (1.42–1.62) |
| 70 | 1.39 (1.30–1.48) | 1.55 (1.48–1.62) | 1.61 (1.54–1.68) |
| 80 | 1.54 (1.44–1.65) | 1.63 (1.54–1.72) | 1.71 (1.62–1.80) |
| 90 | 1.56 (1.40–1.75) | 1.72 (1.58–1.88) | 1.81 (1.67–1.97) |