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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2012 Dec 12;8(1):287–300. doi: 10.1007/s11481-012-9426-4

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1, IL-4, and IL-10 in primary mouse astrocyte cell cultures stimulated for 4 hr with LPS 6.25 ng/ml and/or 12 mM sodium acetate, with 12 mM NaCl as control. Panel A shows representative images of the Western blots. Panels B, D and F show the optical densities of the anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1, IL-4, and IL-10, respectively, normalized to the loading control α-tubulin (n = 6). Panels C, E and G show the changes in the mRNA levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1, IL-4, and IL-10, quantified by qrt-PCR and normalized to β-actin (n = 6). All values represent the mean fold change relative to control ± SD. Statistical significance (a = compared to NaCl, and b = compared to LPS) was set at p ≤ 0.05, as determined by One Way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test.