Table 5.

Comparing selected published per oral endoscopic myotomy complications.

Study	Complications	Cases (%)
Costamagna et al. [2012] (10 cases)	Intraoperative
	Junctional flap perforation	2/10 (20%)
	Cervical emphysema	2/10 (20%)
	Pneumomediastinum	10/10 (100%)
	Postoperative
	Mild chest pain	10/10 (100%)
von Renteln et al. [2012b] (16 cases)	Intraoperative
	Full thickness dissection into peritoneal cavity	9/16 (56.3%)
	Full thickness dissection into mediastinum	13/16 (81.3%)
	Postoperative
	Cutaneous emphysema	6/16 (37.5%)
	Pneumoperitoneum	8/16 (50%)
	Mucosal perforation	1/16 (6.3%)
	Superficial ulcer at cardia	1/16 (6.3%)
	Ulcer in distal esophagus	1/16 (6.3%)
	Follow up
	Erosive esophagitis	1/16 (6.3%)
Yoshida et al. [2012] (161 cases)	Postoperative
	Aspiration pneumonia	1/161 (0.6%)
	Lesser omentum inflammation	1/161 (0.6%)
	Submucosal hematoma	1/161(0.6%)
	Pneumothorax	1/161 (0.6%)
	Follow up
	GERD	17/161(10.6%)
Eleftheriadis et al. [2012] (236 cases)	Postoperative
	Local peritonitis	1/197 (0.5%)
	Mucosal laceration in cardia	3/197 (1.5%)
	Intramucosal hematoma	1/197 (0.5%)
	Pneumothorax	1/197 (0.5%)
Ren et al. [2012] (119 cases)	Intraoperative
	Cutaneous emphysema	27/119 (22.7%)
	Pneumothorax	3/119 (2.5%)
	Postoperative
	Pneumothorax	30/119 (25.2%)
	Subcutaneous emphysema	66/119 (55.5%)
	Mediastinal emphysema	35/119 (29.4%)
	Delayed hemorrhage	1/119 (0.8%)
	Pleural effusion	58/119 (48.7%)
	Segmental atelectasis of the lungs	59/119(49.6%)
	Aeroperitoneum	47/119 (39.5%)
	Follow up
	Esophageal stricture	1/119 (0.8%)
	Dehiscence at tunnel entry	1/119 (0.8%)
Swanström [2012] (5 cases)	Intraoperative
	Gastric mucosotomies	2/5 (40%)
	Pneumoperitoneum	3/5 (60%)

GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease