Table 2. Physical, Biochemical, and Dietary Intake Characteristics According to Magnesium Intake.
| Dietary Magnesium Intake (mg/day) | ||||
| Low Mg Intake | Medium Mg Intake | High Mg Intake | p | |
| (n = 765) | (n = 765) | (n = 765) | – | |
| Age (yr) | 43.78±12.1 | 43.49±12.3 | 42.22±14.5 | – |
| Weight (kg) | 74.63±16.7 | 74.46±15.9 | 75.04±16.8 | NS |
| Height (cm) | 164.7±8.2 | 165.65±8.3 | 167.07±9.0 | NS |
| Waist (cm) | 94.3±15.0 | 92.94±15.4 | 91.93±14.5 | NS |
| Hip (cm) | 102.99±11.8 | 101.78±11.9 | 100.18±11.9 | NS |
| Waist-Hip Ratio | 0.91±0.08 | 0.91±0.08 | 0.92±0.09 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.4±5.3 | 27.08±5.1 | 26.79±5.2 | NS |
| Total Body Fat (%) | 36.68±8.3 | 35.3±9.1 | 33.5±9.7 | – |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.18±0.8 | 5.18±1.0 | 5.17±1.0 | NS |
| Insulin (pmol/L) | 72.82±68.6 | 71.45±91.3 | 60.57±42.9 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.49±2.5 | 2.59±5.2 | 2.07±1.8 | 0.003 |
| HOMA-β | 142.37±213.3 | 135.7±182.0 | 116.24±89.9 | <0.001 |
| Magnesium intake (mg/day) | 201.57±48.6 | 328.85±36.3 | 575.98±224.1 | <0.001 |
| Magnesium intake (mg/day/kg) | 2.83±0.9 | 4.59±1.0 | 7.99±3.6 | <0.001 |
| Serum Magnesium (mmol/L) | 0.88±0.08 | 0.88±0.07 | 0.89±0.08 | 0.023 |
| Calories (kcal/day) | 1299.11±409.9 | 1904.21±440.42 | 2747.22±928.49 | – |
1
Data presented as mean ± SD. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β).
2
Subjects were stratified into a tertile (low, medium and high) based upon magnesium intake (mg/day).
3
Magnesium intake group differences were assessed with an ANCOVA controlling for caloric intake, physical activity, medication use, menopause and %BF.
4
Statistical significance for one-way ANCOVA was set to p<0.05 (IBM SPSS Statistics 19).