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. 2013 Mar;23(3):555–567. doi: 10.1101/gr.147942.112

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© 2013, Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see http://genome.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.

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Figure 5. — Non-CpG cytosine methylation. (A) We examined 82 cell lines and tissues and identified 2466 non-CpG cytosines that were methylated in both replicates. The samples with more than 200 methylated non-CpG cytosines are depicted. The human embryonic cell line (H1-hESC) contained 1418 methylated non-CpG cytosines, followed by adult human brain tissue (N = 666), placental tissue (N = 249), and skeletal muscle from two individuals (female N = 261, male N = 235). (B) The non-CpG cytosine methylation identified in the brain tissue was confirmed across post-mortem brain samples from 24 different individuals and occurs at a set of loci distinct from those methylated in the other samples. (C) The non-CpG cytosine methylation found in the embryonic stem cell line occurred primarily at the CAG sequence context, consistent with previous reports (Lister et al. 2009). (D) The non-CpG cytosine methylation discovered in the adult human brain tissue occurred primarily in the CACC sequence context.