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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 6.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Chem. 2012 Aug;393(8):661–673. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2012-0150

Figure 1. Structural elements in some N-glycans.

Figure 1

A selection of some epitopes of N-glycans are shown: LacNAc, LacdiNAc, sialyl LacNAc, chitobiose (strictly N,N’-diacetylchitobiose, as in the core region of N-glycans), Lewis A (present in plants and humans), Lewis X (Lex; the fucosylated form of ‘LacNAc’ present in, e.g., schistosomes and vertebrates), LDNF (fucosylated LacdiNAc; i.e., fucosylated GalNAcβ1,4GlcNAc), difucosylation of the reducing-terminal (i.e., proximal or innermost) GlcNAc of N-glycans in many invertebrates, the ‘GalFuc’ modification of the reducing-terminal GlcNAc, the modification of the distal (or second) core GlcNAc as found in some nematodes and the positions of the ‘intersecting’ and ‘bisecting’ GlcNAc residues of slime mould N-glycans. The depictions of monosaccharides are according to the nomenclature of the Consortium for Functional Glycomics: circles being hexoses, diamonds sialic acids, squares N-acetylhexosamines, stars pentoses and triangles deoxyhexoses; undefined monosaccharide isomers are uncoloured.