Table 4.
Hierarchical Linear Models of Patient Care Quality
| Adverse Events | Care Rating | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio | SE | p > |z| | Coeff. | SE | p > |z| | |
| Work environment | 0.43 | 0.16 | .027 | 0.65 | 0.24 | .008 |
| Age 65+ | 1.23 | 0.08 | .002 | – | ||
| Diagnosis count | 1.52 | 0.05 | .000 | – | ||
| Self-rated health | – | −0.25 | 0.04 | .000 | ||
| Hispanic | – | 0.16 | 0.18 | .382 | ||
| Black or African American | – | 0.17 | 0.19 | .371 | ||
| Constant | – | 7.50 | 0.71 | .000 | ||
| /lnsig2u | −1.81 | 0.31 | – | |||
| sigma_u | 0.40 | 0.06 | 0.00 | |||
| sigma_e | – | 1.85 | ||||
| rho | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.00 | |||
| Number of observations | 16,701 | 2,115 | ||||
The adverse events model includes fixed effects, not shown, for nine hospitals, and random effects for 45 discharge units. The care ratings use fixed effects, not shown, for five hospitals and random effects for 35 discharge units.