Table 2.
Means and Proportion of Selected Characteristics, by Racial Groupa, in the US Radiologic Technologists’ Study, 2008–2009
| Characteristic | Whites (n = 842) |
Blacks (n = 646) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | % | Mean (SD) | % | |
| 25(OH)D, nmol/L | 74.2 (28.8) | 62.7 (33.3) | ||
| Women | 51.7 | 65.8 | ||
| Age, years | 63.5 (9.5) | 62.5 (8.1) | ||
| Range, years | 48.0–93.0 | 49.0–92.0 | ||
| Season of blood receiptb | ||||
| Winter | 36.6 | 24.6 | ||
| Spring | 23.0 | 23.7 | ||
| Summer | 13.4 | 24.3 | ||
| Fall | 27.0 | 27.4 | ||
| Latitude | ||||
| <35° | 25.4 | 34.5 | ||
| 35°–42° | 48.8 | 56.2 | ||
| >42° | 25.8 | 9.3 | ||
| Quintile of mean annual UVR exposurec | ||||
| 1 | 23.4 | 15.8 | ||
| 2 | 22.1 | 16.7 | ||
| 3 | 19.6 | 20.7 | ||
| 4 | 19.2 | 21.1 | ||
| 5 | 15.7 | 25.7 | ||
| Minutes outside per week | 84.8 (81.8) | 75.5 (74.7) | ||
| Long sleeves never or rarely worn outside | 18.3 | 28.0 | ||
| Dietary intake, IU/day | 270.4 (256.7) | 365.9 (470.8) | ||
| Took supplements | 58.9 | 48.3 | ||
| Supplement intake, IU/day | 523.3 (490.7) | 452.8 (482.1) | ||
| ≥1,000 IU/day | 14.3 | 11.2 | ||
| Current smoker | 9.3 | 9.6 | ||
| Body mass indexd | 28.2 (5.7) | 30.1 (6.3) | ||
Abbreviations: 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; SD, standard deviation; UVR, ultraviolet radiation.
a Characteristics describe all whites and blacks contributing to the analysis based on first (or only) samples. “Whites” refers to non-Hispanic whites and “blacks” to non-Hispanic blacks. Twelve participants who were not white or black are not included in this table. However, all 12 provided 2 samples and are included in the study analyses presented in subsequent tables.
b The seasons were defined as winter (January–March), spring (April–June), summer (July–September), and fall (October–December).
c Mean UVR doses were estimated for the month of questionnaire administration based on residential linkage for the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer database, with data averaged from 1978 to 1993. Quintile 1 was lowest; quintile 5 was highest.
d Weight (kg)/height (m)2.