Table 1.
Prevalence of anaemia and cardiovascular risk profiles by ethnic group for the study cohort.
| Female (n = 2089) | Male (n = 1474) | P value* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caucasian (n = 1705) |
South Asian (n = 266) |
Afro-Caribbean (n = 118) |
Caucasian (n = 1257) |
South Asian (n = 117) |
Afro-Caribbean (n = 100) |
||
| Age-adjusted percentage 3 types of anaemia, % (95% CI) | |||||||
| Iron deficiency anaemia | 15.2 (14–17) |
22.0 (17.0–27.0) |
10.0 (4.2–15.0) |
12.1 (10.3–14) |
20.0 (13.0–27.2) |
4.0 (0.0–7.3) |
<0.001 |
| Vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia | 5.5 (4.4–6.6) |
8.2 (4.9–11.5) |
0.8 (0–2.4) |
3.4 (2.4–4.4) |
0.7 (0–2.3) |
0.0 | 0.005 |
| Anaemia of chronic disease | 73.0 (71.0–75.0) |
65.2 (60.0–71.0) |
53.0 (44.0–62.0) |
73.0 (71.0–75.4) |
70.5 (62.2–79.0) |
62.0 (52.3–71.4) |
0.001 |
|
| |||||||
| Age-adjusted percentage of risk factors, % (95% CI) | |||||||
| Type 2 diabetes | 6.3 (5.1–7.4) |
20.5 (16.0–25.4) |
9.2 (4.0–14.4) |
8.0 (6.2–9.1) |
13.0 (7.0–19.1) |
17.0 (9.4–24.0) |
<0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 9.2 (8.0–11.0) |
11.4 (8.0–15.2) |
3.5 (0.2–7.0) |
11.0 (9.0–12.3) |
15.0 (8.2–21.0) |
0.0 | <0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 1.6 (1.0–2.2) |
2.0 (0.2–3.4) |
0.0 | 3.0 (2.0–3.4) |
2.4 (0–5.1) |
0.0 | 0.094 |
| Hypertension | 15.3 (14.0–17.0) |
29.2 (24.0–35.0) |
25.0 (17.0–32.2) |
13.0 (11.0–14.4) |
0.0 | 23.4 (15.1–31.8) |
0.996 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 6.6 (5.4–7.8) |
1.1 (0–2.3) |
3.5 (0.2–6.9) |
5.0 (4.0–6.0) |
0.6 (0–20) |
2.4 (0–5.4) |
<0.001 |
CI: confidence interval.
*On the basis of chi-square test across all groups.
Data are age-adjusted percent (95% CI).