Fig. 3.—

Quantitative PCR results for Ty1/copia expression in H. annuus, H. petiolaris, and their F1and backcross hybrids under control, salt, and SW treatments. (A) Assays performed 42 days postgermination and (B) assays performed 70 days postgermination. Sample sizes are as follows: H. annuus, n = 8–12; BCann, n = 5–6; F1, n = 8–11; BCpet, n = 5–6; and H. petiolaris, n = 7–10. Error bars indicate 1 SE. For each time point/treatment combination, bars not connected by the same letter are significantly different (Tukey’s HSD). Similar post hoc tests were not performed for Ty3/gypsy expression data (fig. 2) as significant effects of genotype (P ≤ 0.01) were not detected for any of the time point/treatment combinations.