Table 1. Patient characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) patients born in Europe, by presence of allopatric and sympatric Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.
| Characteristic | All | Allopatric | Sympatric | P value |
| (n = 233) | (n = 18) | (n = 215) | ||
| Age, median (IQR), years | 49 (36–71) | 41.5 (32–45) | 50 (37–73) | 0.0029 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 126 (54.1) | 10 (55.6) | 116 (54.0) | 0.90 |
| Origin of birth, n (%) | 0.46 | |||
| Switzerland | 118 (50.6) | 11 (61.1) | 107 (49.9) | |
| Europe (without Switzerland) | 115 (49.4) | 7 (38.9) | 108 (50.2) | |
| Cavitary disease, n (%) | 55 (23.6) | 4 (22.2) | 51 (23.7) | 0.991 |
| Clinical manifestation, n (%) | 0.541 | |||
| Pulmonary | 191 (82.0) | 16 (88.9) | 175 (81.4) | |
| Extrapulmonary | 42 (18.0) | 2 (11.1) | 40 (18.6) | |
| Recent TB within families/social surroundings | 15 (6.4) | 0 (0) | 15 (7.0) | 0.611 |
| Frequent travelling | 16 (6.9) | 7 (38.9) | 9 (4.2) | <0.00011 |
| HIV infection, n (%) | 36 (15.5) | 9 (50.0) | 27 (12.6) | <0.00011 |
| Immunosuppression other than HIV infection2, n (%) | 24 (10.3) | 1 (5.6) | 23 (10.7) | 0.70 |
| Most likely source of HIV infection3, n (%) | 0.941 | |||
| Heterosexual | 15 (41.7) | 5 (55.6) | 10 (37.0) | |
| Injecting drug user | 9 (25.0) | 2 (22.2) | 7 (25.9) | |
| Men having sex with men | 7 (19.4) | 2 (22.2) | 5 (18.5) | |
| Others/unknown | 5 (13.9) | 0 (0) | 5 (18.5) |
1
Fisher's exact test.
2
Use of TNF-alpha inhibitors, malignancy, organ transplantation, use of steroids, or methotrexate.
3
Among HIV–infected patients (n = 36).
95% CI, 95% confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range.