Figure 5. Validation of the limited proteomic classifier in an independent cohort of critically ill patients with clinical suspicion of VAP.

Panel A confirms elevated levels of LTF in BALF of VAP⁺ patients compared to VAP^– subjects using ELISA. Panel B demonstrates increased abundance of BALF S100A8 in VAP⁺ based on Western analysis (see also supplementary Figure S1). Panel C displays increased levels of ACTN1 in BALF of VAP⁺ patients compared to VAP^– using ELISA.