Table 4.
Effects of L. plantarum CCFM8610 on cadmium-induced histopathological alterations in the liver of micea
| Group | Score for the indicated symptom |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loss of intact liver plates | Chromatin condensation | Cytoplasmic vacuolization | Necrosis of hepatocytes | |
| Control (T) | − | − | − | − |
| Cd only (T) | +++ | +++ | +++ | ++ |
| Cd + living 8610 (T) | + | + | + | - |
| Cd + dead 8610 (T) | ++ | ++ | +++ | + |
| Control (P) | − | − | − | − |
| Cd only (P) | ++ | +++ | +++ | ++ |
| Cd + living 8610 (P) | ++ | ++ | ++ | + |
| Cd + dead 8610 (P) | ++ | ++ | +++ | + |
The histopathological analysis was done with 10 mice in each group, except for 11 in the Cd-only (T) group, 12 in the Cd-only (P) group, and 9 in the Cd + dead 8610 (P) group. T, therapy group; P, prevention group; 8610, L. plantarum CCFM8610; −, no change was observed in the samples of all the animals of the studied group; +, changes were rarely observed in the samples of all the animals of the studied group (average, 1 to 2 changes per vision field); ++, changes were occasionally observed in the samples of all the animals of the studied group (average, 8 to 10 changes per vision field); +++, changes were often observed in the samples of all the animals of the studied group (>20 changes per vision field).