Fig 1.

Influences of nutrients and the sequence of isolate contact with the substrate on outcomes of competition between A. flavus isolates CG136 and YV04. The isolates were cocultivated on either full-strength Czapek's agar (1× Cz) (88 mM sucrose, 35 mM nitrate) or Czapek's agar with 1/10 strength sucrose (8.8 mM) and nitrate (3.5 mM) (0.1× Cz). The isolates were concurrently inoculated on surface-sterilized maize kernels. Equal quantities of the two isolates were applied either simultaneously (mixed) or sequentially with 1 h between isolates (YV04 first or CG136 first). The percentages of total A. flavus conidia produced by CG136 (A) and YV04 (B) are shown. Means labeled with the same letter are not significantly different by Tukey's Studentized range test (n = 8). The asterisks indicate percentages significantly different from 50%. The error bars indicate 1 standard error (SE).