Table 5.
Blood loss data from studies on pooled neuromuscular disorders (anterior and posterior approaches). A anterior approach, P posterior approach, AP anterior and posterior approach, CDI Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation
| Study [reference] (date of publication) / (date(s) of surgery) | Estimated blood loss (EBL) (ml) [mean (range)] | Number of procedures | Technique | Estimated blood loss / individual vertebral level in fusion (ml) (EBL/# levels=) | Estimated blood loss / total blood volume | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Floman et al. [24] (1982)/(1972–1977) | A 1033 | 73 | Multiple techniques. Posterior procedure performed 2 weeks after anterior procedure | - | - | EBL in Dwyer procedures 1250 |
| P 2200 | - | - | - | |||
| Neustadt et al. [51] (1992)/(1985–1988) | P 1945 (450–4500) | 18 | Posterior fusion to pelvis with CDI | - | - | - |
| Benson et al. [7] (1998)/(1990–1994) | P 1684 (450–4000) | P 38 | Luque-Galveston and 39/50 Anterior discectomy | - | - | 43 with allograft only; hypotensive anesthesia and autologous blood retrieval |
| AP 2329 (550–6000) | AP 12 | and fusion without instrumentation | - | - | ||
| Boachie-Adjei et al. [12] (1989)/(1979–1984) | A 1100 (300–2225) | AP 11 | Luque-Galveston. Anterior fusion without instrumentation; local bone graft with allograft | A 100/7.4=149 | - | - |
| P 2639 (270–8000) | P 35 | P 2639/15=176 | - | |||
| Ferguson et al. [22] (1996)/(1977–1991) | 1. A 896 | 1. 29 | 1. Two stages (anterior discectomy and fusion) rib with no instrumentation. Posterior Luque-Galveston | 1. A 896/8=112 | 1. A 28% | - |
| P 3360 | - | P 3360/15= 224 | P 100.9% | |||
| 2. AP 2058 | 2. 16 | 2. Both procedures same day | 2. 2058/14.9= 138 | 2. 83% | ||
| Bell et al. [5] (1989)/(1983–1986) | P 3500 (800–11000) | 34 | Unit rod system T2-pelvis. Local bone graft only | - | - | - |