Fig 3.

Flagellin interactions. PBMCs were stimulated for 24 h with the indicated ligand or combinations of ligands, and cytokines were measured in the supernatants by ELISA (n = 10 volunteers). The bars indicate a synergistic interaction of flagellin with CpG or poly(I·C) for the production of IL-1β. Data are expressed as medians with interquartile ranges. *, significantly different (P < 0.05) from stimulation with single ligands and the sum of both single ligands; #, significantly different (P < 0.05) from no-ligand (RPMI) results (Wilcoxon matched-pair test).