Table 2. Comparative effectiveness between percutaneous minimally invasive and open surgery for thoracolumbar fracture.

Outcome	Minimally invasive	Open	P
Radiographic	Mean change	Mean change
Sagittal Cobb angle, °
– Wang et al5	10.3 ± 6.1	9.3 ± 7.3	.651
Fractured vertebral body angle, °
– Wang et al5	6.6 ± 4.0	7.9 ± 4.9	.396
– Wild et al4	7.7	12.2
Anterior vertebral body height, %
– Wang et al5	21.0 ± 11.8	28.6 ± 18.7	.155
Posterior vertebral body height, %
– Wang et al5	4.4 ± 3.2	6.2 ± 4.8	.196
Bisegmental wedge angle, °
– Wild et al4	2.6	2.4
Clinical
VAS (incisional pain)
– Wang et al5	1.5 ± 0.9	2.2 ± 0.8	< .05
MacNab criteria
– Wang et al5	88.2	85.7
Hannover spine score
– Wild et al4	84.8	78
SF-36
– Wild et al4	59.1	50	.069