TABLE 1.
Typical Sequences Used and Minor Practical Requirements
| Sequence | T1-Weighted (DCE) | T2*-Weighted (DSC) | ASL |
|---|---|---|---|
| SPGR/MP RAGE/FLASH/FFE (Typically 3D) | GRE Echo-Planar Imaging (2D Multislice) | GRE Echo-Planar Imaging (2D Multislice) | |
| Temporal resolution | ~3–6 s | ~1–2 s | 3–5 s |
| Total acquisition time | 3–5 min | 2 min | 3–5 min |
| Spatial resolution | 1-mm in-plane × 5-mm slices | 2-mm in-plane × 5-mm slices | 3-mm in-plane × 5-mm slices |
| Geometric artifact | Low impact | Prone to problems at the skull base | Prone to problems at the skull base |
| Model parameters | ktrans, vp, ve, IAUC | CBV, CBF, MTT | CBF |
Note—DCE = dynamic contrast-enhanced, DSC = dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced, ASL = arterial spin labeling, SPGR = spoiled gradient-recalled echo, MP RAGE = magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo, FFE = fast-field echo, GRE = gradient-recalled echo, ktrans = transfer constant, vp = fractional volume of the plasma space, ve = fractional volume of the extravascular-extracellular space, IAUC = initial area under the contrast agent concentration-time curve, CBV = cerebral blood volume, CBF = cerebral blood flow, MTT = mean transit time.