Table 2.

Boundary Conditions, Relative Effects of Resistance and Compliance on Pressure and Flow and Pros/Cons for Isolated Supported Ventricular Models: Pressure-Controlled (PCISV), End Systolic/Diastolic Volume-Controlled (VCISV), and Windkessel-Controlled (WCISV)

			Effect on pulse pressure and flow
	Boundary condition	Figure	Resistance	Compliance	Pros	Cons
PCISV	Constant left artial pressure with distal mechanical analog	Figure 10	Low moderate	High	Mechanical analog of vasculature allows for direct control of hydraulic resistance and compliance	No direct control of end-systolic or end-diastolic conditions
VCISV	End-systolic/end-diastolic ventricular volume	Figure 11	High	Low	Direct control of end-systolic and end-diastolic conditions	No functioning atria, ventricular valves or distal hydraulic boundary conditions, assumes constant contractility
WCISV	Windkessel electrical analog (ventricular flows based on pressure input)	Figure 12	High	Low	Direct control of end-systolic and end-diastolic conditions with modeled hydraulic boundary condition	Distal hydraulic boundary conditions dependent on Windkessel function may not be physiologically accurate