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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Ind Med. 2012 Sep 28;56(2):216–225. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22118

Table IV.

Adjusted odds ratios* and 95% confidence intervals for the association of work postures and agricultural tasks with chronic musculoskeletal pain for men

Work posture (hours/week) Strata (hrs/w k) Anatomic Site of Chronic Pain
Neck Hand Finger Knee Hip Back
Repeatedly use manual tools or make repetitive motions 0
1<60 2.86 [0.69,11.78 ] 1.57 [0.32, 7.73]
≥60 1.99 [0.73,5.42] 1.63 [0.62, 4.26]
Drive tractors or 0
other heavy farm equipment 1<60 0.36 [0.08,1.58]
≥60 2.16 [1.02,4.54]
Stooped over or bent down 0
1<30 0.89 [0.35,2.24] 0.94 [0.45,1.93] 1.02 [0.40,2.63] 0.77 [0.44,1.36]
≥30 0.62 [0.21,1.83] 1.37 [0.65,2.90] 2.49 [1.03,5.99] 1.02 [0.56,1.86]
Kneeling or 0
crawling 1<25 1.78 [0.88,3.62] 1.06 [0.58,1.95]
≥25 1.74 [0.69,4.42] 0.63 [0.25,1.58]
Walking while carrying more than 25 pounds 0
1<35 2.12 [0.79,5.66] 1.36 [0.57,3.23] 1.18 [0.66,2.11]
≥35 1.88 [0.71,5.00] 1.65 [0.74,3.67] 1.10 [0.62,1.96]
Standing at a counter or machine 0
1<60 0.78 [0.32,1.86] 0.65 [0.35,1.20]
≥60 0.27 [0.06,1.18] 0.33 [0.14,0.82]
*

Logistic regression models adjusted for age, years working in agriculture and smoking (current vs. never/ex) The significant results are shown in bold